| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS | REGISTER |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
4 allele
a Department of
Neuroscience and Neurology, b Chromosome and DNA laboratory of the Divisions
of the Diagnostic Services, University Hospital, c University of Kuopio, AI Virtanen Institute,
University of Kuopio, P.O.Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
Correspondence to: Dr Hilkka Soininen, Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FIN-70 211 Kuopio, Finland. Telephone 00358 17 173 012; fax 00358 17 173019; email Hilkka.Soininen{at}uku.fi
Received 8 August 1997 and in revised form 16 February1998;
Accepted 24 February
1998
OBJECTIVE
Recent
evidence indicates that the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) 
4 allele is a
risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease. It has also been
proposed that it is associated with increased counts of amyloid plaques
and neurofibrillary tangles that in turn are neuropathological
hallmarks initially appearing in the medial temporal lobe structures in
Alzheimer's disease. In this study, the effect of the ApoE 4 allele
on the volume of the entorhinal cortex was evaluated in vivo.
METHODSThe volume of
the entorhinal cortex was measured on MR images using a recently
designed histology based protocol in 16 patients with Alzheimer's
disease with ApoE 4 (mean age 70.4 (SD 9.9)), 11 patients with
Alzheimer's disease without ApoE 4 (mean age 69.1 (SD7.1)), and in
31 healthy age and sex matched normal controls (72.2 (SD 3.9)). The
patients met the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable Alzheimer's
disease and were in mild to moderate stages of the disease. MRI was
performed with a 1.5 Tesla Magnetom and a 3D technique permitting the
reconstruction of 2.0 mm thick contiguous slices perpendicular to the
axis of the anterior-posterior commissure.
RESULTSThe patients
with Alzheimer's disease without the ApoE 4 allele had atrophy in
the entorhinal cortex, the volume was reduced by 27 % compared with
control subjects. However, the most prominent shrinkage (45%) in the
entorhinal cortex was seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease with
the ApoE 4 allele (p=0.0001). The effect of 4 on the entorhinal
cortex volume was especially prominent in female patients with
Alzheimer's disease compared to male patients with Alzheimer's
disease (p=0.014). Additionally, patients with the ApoE 4 allele had
inferior performance in verbal and visual memory functions than those
without the allele
CONCLUSIONSVolumetric
MRI measurements disclose that ApoE 4 is associated with the degree
of atrophy in the entorhinal cortex in early Alzheimer's disease, this
effect being especially prominent in female patients with Alzheimer's disease.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Cosentino, N. Scarmeas, E. Helzner, M. M. Glymour, J. Brandt, M. Albert, D. Blacker, and Y. Stern APOE {varepsilon}4 allele predicts faster cognitive decline in mild Alzheimer disease Neurology, May 6, 2008; 70(19_Part_2): 1842 - 1849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. E. Sundermann, P. E. Gilbert, and C. Murphy Apolipoprotein E {varepsilon}4 Genotype and Gender: Effects on Memory Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, October 1, 2007; 15(10): 869 - 878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Koutsis, M. Panas, E. Giogkaraki, C. Potagas, G. Karadima, C. Sfagos, and D. Vassilopoulos APOE {varepsilon}4 is associated with impaired verbal learning in patients with MS Neurology, February 20, 2007; 68(8): 546 - 549. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.A.R. Martins, A. Oulhaj, C. A. de Jager, and J. H. Williams APOE alleles predict the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: A nonlinear model Neurology, December 27, 2005; 65(12): 1888 - 1893. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Fleisher, M. Grundman, C. R. Jack Jr, R. C. Petersen, C. Taylor, H. T. Kim, D. H. B. Schiller, V. Bagwell, D. Sencakova, M. F. Weiner, et al. Sex, Apolipoprotein E {varepsilon}4 Status, and Hippocampal Volume in Mild Cognitive Impairment Arch Neurol, June 1, 2005; 62(6): 953 - 957. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Raz, K. M. Rodrigue, D. Head, K. M. Kennedy, and J. D. Acker Differential aging of the medial temporal lobe: A study of a five-year change Neurology, February 10, 2004; 62(3): 433 - 438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N Nathoo, R Chetty, J R van Dellen, and G H Barnett Genetic vulnerability following traumatic brain injury: the role of apolipoprotein E Mol. Pathol., June 1, 2003; 56(3): 132 - 136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Mayeux Apolipoprotein E, Alzheimer Disease, and African Americans Arch Neurol, February 1, 2003; 60(2): 161 - 163. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. U. Lee, J. S. Lee, K. W. Kim, J. H. Jhoo, D. Y. Lee, J. C. Yoon, J. H. Lee, D. S. Lee, M. C. Lee, and J. I. Woo Influence of the Apolipoprotein E Type 4 Allele on Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease Patients J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, February 1, 2003; 15(1): 78 - 83. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Neugroschl and K. L. Davis Biological Markers in Alzheimer Disease Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, December 1, 2002; 10(6): 660 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. D. Smith Imaging the progression of Alzheimer pathology through the brain PNAS, April 2, 2002; 99(7): 4135 - 4137. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Cohen, C. Small, F. Lalonde, J. Friz, and T. Sunderland Effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on hippocampal volume loss in aging healthy women Neurology, December 26, 2001; 57(12): 2223 - 2228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Chan, N. C. Fox, R. Jenkins, R. I. Scahill, W. R. Crum, and M. N. Rossor Rates of global and regional cerebral atrophy in AD and frontotemporal dementia Neurology, November 27, 2001; 57(10): 1756 - 1763. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-Y. Hsu, A.-T. Du, N. Schuff, and M. W. Weiner Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Dementias J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, September 1, 2001; 14(3): 145 - 166. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Price, A. I. Ko, M. J. Wade, S. K. Tsou, D. W. McKeel, and J. C. Morris Neuron Number in the Entorhinal Cortex and CA1 in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease Arch Neurol, September 1, 2001; 58(9): 1395 - 1402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. L. Mortensen and P. Hogh A gender difference in the association between APOE genotype and age-related cognitive decline Neurology, July 10, 2001; 57(1): 89 - 95. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Barber, C. Ballard, I. G. McKeith, A. Gholkar, and J. T. O'Brien MRI volumetric study of dementia with Lewy bodies: A comparison with AD and vascular dementia Neurology, March 28, 2000; 54(6): 1304 - 1309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Geroldi, M. Pihlajamaki, M. P. Laakso, C. DeCarli, A. Beltramello, A. Bianchetti, H. Soininen, M. Trabucchi, and G. B. Frisoni APOE-{epsilon}4 is associated with less frontal and more medial temporal lobe atrophy in AD Neurology, November 1, 1999; 53(8): 1825 - 1825. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Narayan, J. D. Bremner, and A. Kumar Neuroanatomic Substrates of Late-Life Mental Disorders J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, October 1, 1999; 12(3): 95 - 106. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Barber, A. Gholkar, P. Scheltens, C. Ballard, I. G. McKeith, C. M. Morris, and J. T. O'Brien Apolipoprotein E {epsilon}4 Allele, Temporal Lobe Atrophy, and White Matter Lesions in Late-Life Dementias Arch Neurol, August 1, 1999; 56(8): 961 - 965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS | REGISTER |
