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a Department of Physical Therapy, Motor Behavior
Laboratory, PO Box 100154, b Department of
Psychology, PO Box 112250, c Department of
Exercise and Sport Sciences, Motor Behavior Laboratory, PO Box 118206, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
Correspondence to: Dr Andrea L Behrman, Department of Physical Therapy, Motor Behavior Laboratory, PO Box 100154, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Received 1 July 1997 and in revised form 9 March 1998;
Accepted 16 March 1998
Gait in Parkinson's disease is characterised by slowed
velocity; shuffling, small steps; and absent arm swing. Drug therapy intervention is beneficial in improving mobility, though with prolonged
use its effects may diminish. The purpose of this study was to examine
whether Parkinsonian patients could improve their gait patterns in
response to five instructional sets: natural walking; walking while
deliberately swinging the arms; walking with large steps; fast walking;
and walking while counting aloud. Eight subjects with idiopathic
Parkinson's disease and eight age matched control subjects were tested
using motion analysis. The findings indicated that parkinsonian
patients followed the instructions which immediately altered a series
of single walking variables. Simultaneously, automatically activated
changes occurred in other gait variables producing more normal gait.
The instructional set is a strategy which can aid normalisation of
Parkinsonian gait although its benefits may depend on the stage of
disease progression and the degree of attention to the instructions.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  M. E Morris Locomotor Training in People With Parkinson Disease Physical Therapy, October 1, 2006; 86(10): 1426 - 1435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. Sidaway, J. Anderson, G. Danielson, L. Martin, and G. Smith Effects of Long-Term Gait Training Using Visual Cues in an Individual With Parkinson Disease Physical Therapy, February 1, 2006; 86(2): 186 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. J Brusse, S. Zimdars, K. R Zalewski, and T. M Steffen Testing Functional Performance in People With Parkinson Disease Physical Therapy, February 1, 2005; 85(2): 134 - 141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 E. P. Zehr and J. Duysens Regulation of Arm and Leg Movement during Human Locomotion Neuroscientist, August 1, 2004; 10(4): 347 - 361. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. O'Shea, M. E Morris, and R. Iansek Dual Task Interference During Gait in People With Parkinson Disease: Effects of Motor Versus Cognitive Secondary Tasks Physical Therapy, September 1, 2002; 82(9): 888 - 897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. L Behrman, K. E Light, and G. M Miller Sensitivity of the Tinetti Gait Assessment for detecting change in individuals with Parkinson's disease Clinical Rehabilitation, April 1, 2002; 16(4): 399 - 405. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. Morris, M. E Morris, and R. Iansek Reliability of Measurements Obtained With the Timed "Up & Go" Test in People With Parkinson Disease Physical Therapy, February 1, 2001; 81(2): 810 - 818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 G. N. Lewis, W. D. Byblow, and S. E. Walt Stride length regulation in Parkinson's disease: the use of extrinsic, visual cues Brain, October 1, 2000; 123(10): 2077 - 2090. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. E Morris Movement Disorders in People With Parkinson Disease: A Model for Physical Therapy Physical Therapy, June 1, 2000; 80(6): 578 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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