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a Department of Neurology,
University of Essen, Germany, b Department of
Neurology, Rhein/Ruhr Clinic, Auf der Roetsch 2, Essen, Germany, c Posture Control
Laboratory, RSD Neurological Sciences Institute, Portland, OR, USA
Correspondence to: Dr Dagmar Timmann, Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany. Telephone 0049 201 723 2594; fax 0049 201 723 5901; email Dagmar.Timmann{at}uni-essen.de
Received 23
December 1997 and in revised form 15 April 1998;
Accepted 29 May 1998
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the role of the
cerebellum in postural adaptation for changes to the stimulus type of
support surface displacements (backward translations v
"toes up" rotations).
METHODSA group of 13 patients with chronic,
isolated lesions of the cerebellum and 15 control subjects were tested.
Automatic postural responses of the medial gastrocnemius and anterior
tibial muscles were recorded. The first paradigm consisted of 10 rotational perturbations followed by 10 backward translations of the
platform, and 10 backward translations followed by 10 rotations. The
second paradigm consisted of 18 rotations and two randomly interposed
translational perturbations, and 18 translations with two rotations
randomly interposed.
RESULTSWhen the type of perturbation changed from
an expected translation to an unexpected rotation and vice versa both
control subjects and cerebellar patients showed an immediate and
significant change in the response amplitude of the medial
gastrocnemius and at the same time an immediate and significant change
in the response amplitude of the anterior tibial muscles. Neither
controls nor cerebellar patients showed effects of prediction in
surface displacements of unexpected types of perturbation. Both
controls and cerebellar patients showed no gradual increase in the
gastrocnemius response in subsequent trials of surface translations
following a block of 10 surface rotations and no gradual increase in
the response amplitude of the anterior tibial muscle in subsequent
trials of surface rotations following a block of 10 surface translations.
CONCLUSIONSDespite postural hypermetria, the
integrity of the cerebellum does not seem critical for adaptation of
postural synergies to changing stimulus types of surface displacements.
The present results support previous findings suggesting that the main
role of the cerebellum in automatic postural responses may be gain control.
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