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| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Postural (orthostatic) hypotension is defined as a fall in blood pressure of over 20 mm Hg systolic, (or 10 mm Hg diastolic), on standing or during head-up tilt to at least 60°.1 In neurological practice, it may result from diseases or drugs that impair the activity of sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves. Postural hypotension may be a presenting feature in certain autonomic disorders (such as pure autonomic failure), it may be a pointer towards an alternative diagnosis (as in multiple system atrophy presenting with parkinsonian features), and it may complicate drug therapy (as with levodopa). Postural hypotension is associated with increased morbidity and also mortality, especially in elderly people, in whom falls result in injuries. Advances have resulted in a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes, and in the treatment of postural hypotension.
Recognition and evaluationPostural hypotension usually is considered when there are
characteristic features resulting from cerebral ischaemia such as loss
of
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