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J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998;65:427-431 ( October )

Editorial

Ion channels and neurological disease: DNA based diagnosis is now possible, and ion channels may be important in common paroxysmal disorders

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Ion channels are large transmembrane proteins which are essential for the normal function of all eukaryotic cells.1 They are especially important in excitable cells because they determine the membrane potential, both at rest and during firing, and also play a critical part in neurotransmitter release. Ion channels may be broadly classified into voltage gated and ligand gated, although many voltage gated channels are also affected by intracellular messengers.1 It is well recognised that autoimmune attack of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor underlies acquired myasthenia gravis. Research over the past few years has, however, established that genetic defects in both ligand and voltage gated ion channels also cause some inherited neurological disorders.2-5 Collectively, these immunological and genetic conditions have become known as the neurological channelopathies. The genetic channelopathies are listed in tables 1 and 2.

Table Removed (Available Only in the Full Text)


Table Removed (Available Only in the Full Text)

The genetic advances have increased our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of several relatively rare muscle . . . [Full text of this article]




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