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High concentrations of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with intracerebral haemorrhage are associated with poor outcome

¹ Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Am Steg 14, 35385 Giessen, Germany
² Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr J Kraus;
joerg.r.kraus@neuro.med.uni-giessen.de

Keywords: intracerebral haemorrhage; adhesion molecules; cerebrospinal fluid; clinical outcome

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 10% of strokes and is a life threatening condition with a 30 day mortality rate of about 45%.¹ The adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) are proinflammatory parameters for the activation of the immune system.^2,3 They have been correlated with acute inflammation in several systemic and neurological inflammatory diseases. Recently, it was suggested that an inflammatory reaction is responsible for reperfusion damage leading to brain damage and tissue destruction after acute ischaemia and subarachnoid haemorrhage.^3,4 In this study, we investigated whether ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentrations of adhesion molecules can be used as prognostic markers for the clinical outcome of patients with ICH.

For this purpose, we studied prospectively 10 patients with acute ICH and ventricular tamponade. Estimated blood volume of the ICH was between 40 and 60 ml in all patients. Initial intubation and mechanical . . . [Full text of this article]