© 2004 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
HISTORICAL NOTE
Lluis Barraquer i Roviralta and the origins of torsion dystonia
304 Beverley Road, Anlaby, Hull HU10 7BG, UK; jmspearce@freenet.co.uk
Keywords: historical note; Lluis Barraquer I Roviralta; torsion dystonia
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Idiopathic torsion dystonia has the synonyms of dysbasia lordotica progressiva, dystonia lenticularis, dystonia musculorum deformans, and progressive torsion spasm. Standard references suggest the first description was that of Marcus Walter Schwalbe from Ziehen’s clinic in 1907.1 Hermann Oppenheim2 and Georg Theodor Ziehen3 in 1911 published simultaneous reports and in the same year the Polish neurologists Edward Flatau and Wladyslaw Sterling described the condition. Oppenheim had described four new cases in Jewish children and deserves credit for the term dystonia musculorum deformans and for describing its "dromedary gait".
But the grandson of Lluis Barraquer i Roviralta (1855–1928) has made a case4 for his prior claim. In 1897 "he related the characteristics signs, variably distorted posture and deformity of movements of the trunk, and limbs, with muscular spasms". However, he described them as athetosis not dystonia.
Lluis Barraquer i Roviralta was born in Barcelona in 1855. He was the seventh son of
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