Review
Neurovisual rehabilitation: recent developments and future directions
Georg Kerkhoff
EKN, Clinical
Neuropsychology Research Group, Bogenhausen Hospital, Department of
Neuropsychology, Dachauer Strasse 164, D-80992 München, Germany
Correspondence to: Dr G Kerkhoff georg.kerkhoff@extern.lrz-muenchen.de
Received 29
September 1998 and in revised form 21 October 1999;
Accepted 14
December 1999
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Introduction |
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Central visual1 and oculomotor2 disorders are present in some 20%-40% of patients in neurological rehabilitation centres.3 Gianutsos reported that 50% of the patients in a head trauma rehabilitation centre show visual system disorders not assessed before although most of the patients were chronic and had been treated in other hospitals previously.4 In a large sample of 314 patients with postchiasmatic visual field disorders from a rehabilitation department 70% had a parafoveal visual field sparing of 5° or less. Of these patients, 50%-70% subjectively reported and objectively showed chronic reading and visual exploration deficits.5 Furthermore, visual field disorders are associated with an adverse prognosis in outcome studies according to life table analysis6 and impair the success of vocational rehabilitation.4 7 Spatial-perceptual deficits may delay the rehabilitation progress in physiotherapy,8 9 lead to complications due to repeated accidents,10 and correlate highly with deficits in activities of daily living (dressing, transfers, or manoeuvring a wheelchair.11-16
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