Principal features in 20 patients who survived in a moderately disabled state for 1 year or more after a head injury
| Patient No | Age at death (y) | Sex | Cause | Survival | Lucid | Skull fracture | Brain weight (g) | IC Haem | ICP+ | TCI | DAI | IBD | Abnormalities in: | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neocx | SCWM | Thalamus | Brain stem | Hydrocephalus | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 47 | M | Fall | 1 y | No | No | 1310 | ICHe | No | 22 | No | No | C | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 2 | 40 | M | Fall | 1 y 6 m | T | No | NK | ICHe | Yes | 12 | No | + | AT | F | No | L | No | ||||||||||
| 3 | 44 | F | Fall | 1 y 6 m | T | NK | 1245 | No | No | 10 | No | No | C | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 4 | 67 | M | Fall | 2 y | T | Yes | 1560 | SDH | No | 18 | No | No | C | No | No | No | +++ B | ||||||||||
| 5 | 44 | F | Fall | 2 y | P | Yes | 1010 | SDHe | Yes | 10 | No | + | C:AT | F | F | M | + U | ||||||||||
| 6 | 49 | M | Fall | 3 y | T | No | 1440 | No | No | 6 | No | No | C | No | No | No | ++ B | ||||||||||
| 7 | 54 | M | Fall | 3 y | P | Yes | 1190 | ICHe | Yes | 27 | 1 | No | C | D | No | No | + U | ||||||||||
| 8 | 51 | M | Fall | 3 y | T | Yes | 1220 | ICHe | No | 14 | 1 | No | C | D | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 9 | 48 | M | Fall | 3 y | NK | NK | 1450 | SDHe | No | 12 | No | No | C | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 10 | 59 | M | Fall | 4 y | NK | NK | 1290 | ICHe | Yes | 15 | No | No | C | No | No | No | ++ B | ||||||||||
| 11 | 48 | M | Fall | 4 y | T | Yes | 1100 | SDHe | No | 12 | 1 | No | C | D | No | No | + U | ||||||||||
| 12 | 37 | M | Fall | 4 y | NK | Yes | 1100 | ICHe | Yes | 27 | No | No | C | No | No | No | + U | ||||||||||
| 13 | 38 | M | NK | 4 y | NK | NK | 1460 | No | No | 16 | No | No | C | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 14 | 19 | M | Assault | 5 y | T | Yes | 1680 | SDH | No | 6 | No | No | C | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 15 | 35 | M | Fall | 11 y | No | NK | NK | No | No | 1 | 2 | No | C | D | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 16 | 60 | M | NK | 12 y | NK | Yes | 1300 | SDHe | No | 10 | 1 | No | C | D | No | No | ++ B | ||||||||||
| 17 | 58 | M | RTA | 16 y | T | Yes | 1400 | EDH | No | 12 | 1 | No | C | D | No | No | + U | ||||||||||
| 18 | 54 | M | NK | 16 y | NK | NK | 1320 | ICblr | No | 10 | No | No | C | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 19 | 48 | M | RTA | 22 y | NK | NK | 1570 | SDHe | No | 6 | No | No | C | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 20 | 55 | F | Fall | 47 y | NK | NK | 1040 | No | No | 2 | No | + | C:BZ | F | No | No | No | ||||||||||
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RTA=road traffic accident.
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Lucidity: T=Total; P=Partial.
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IC Haem=intracranial haematoma.
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SDH=subdural haematoma; EDH=extradural haematoma; ICH=intracerebral haematoma; ICblr=intracerebellar; e=evacuated.
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ICP +=Raised intracranial pressure.
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TCI=Total contusion index.
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DAI=Diffuse axonal injury: 1 and 2 indicate grade.
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IBD=Ischaemic brain damage: +=moderate; BZ=arterial boundary zones; AT=arterial territories.
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Neocx=Neocortex: C=surface contusions.
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SCWM=Subcortical white matter: D=diffuse; F=focal.
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Thalamus: F=focal damage.
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Brain stem: M=focal damage in midline; L=lateral damage.
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Hydrocephalus: +=slight ventricular enlargement; ++=moderate; +++=severe.
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B=bilateral; U=unilateral; NK=not known.
