Combined EEG-fMRI and tractography to visualise propagation of epileptic activity
- K Hamandi1,
- H W R Powell1,
- H Laufs1,
- M R Symms1,
- G J Barker2,
- G J M Parker3,
- L Lemieux1,
- J S Duncan1
- 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- 2Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, UK
- 3Imaging Science & Biomedical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Dr K Hamandi, The Epilepsy Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK; hamandik{at}cardiff.ac.uk
- Received 25 May 2007
- Revised 7 November 2007
- Accepted 26 November 2007
- Published Online First 20 December 2007
Abstract
In a patient with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, EEG-fMRI showed activation in association with left anterior temporal interictal discharges, in the left temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. Dynamic causal modelling suggested propagation of neural activity from the temporal focus to the area of occipital activation. Tractography showed connections from the site of temporal lobe activation to the site of occipital activation. This demonstrates the principle of combining EEG-fMRI and tractography to delineate the pathways of propagation of epileptic activity.
Footnotes
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Competing interests: None declared.
