Diagnostic value of nystagmus: spontaneous and induced ocular oscillations
Diagnostic value of nystagmus: spontaneous and induced ocular oscillations
A Serra and R J Leigh
Video Clips
Video Sequence 1: Congenital Nystagmus
Note how this horizontal, jerk-pendular form of idiopathic congenital
nystagmus remains horizontal even in upgaze
[View Video]
File size: 1.51 MB
Video Sequence 2: Downbeat Nystagmus
In this patient with multiple sclerosis, downbeat nystagmus is most
apparent when he looks laterally and downward
[View Video]
File size: 1.34 MB
Video Sequence 3: Gaze & Rebound Nystagmus
In this patient with a cerebellar degeneration, there is gaze-evoked
nystagmus on far right gaze, and rebound nystagmus when the eyes return
to central position
[View Video]
File size: 1.18 MB
Video Sequence 4: Latent Nystagmus
This patient, with exotropia since childhood, had right-beating nystagmus
when the left eye was covered and left-beating nystagmus when the right
eye was covered
[View Video]
File size: 1.5 MB
Video Sequence 5: Macrosaccadic Oscillations
This patient, who has a recently reported cerebellar degeneration,24
shows marked saccadic hypermetria with some episodes of sustained saccadic
oscillations around the desired fixation point. These oscillations have
intersaccadic intervals (see Fig 1F)
[View Video]
File size: 1.47 MB
Video Sequence 6: Opsoclonus
This patient with paraneoplastic opsoclonus shows a burst of high-frequency
saccadic oscillations (without intersaccadic intervals � see Fig 1G) following
an upward saccade. These oscillations consist of eye rotations with horizontal,
vertical and torsional components
[View Video]
File size: 1.26 MB
Video Sequence 7: Pendular Nystagmus
This patient with multiple sclerosis has predominantly pendular oscillations
at about 4 cycles/second that have both horizontal and vertical components,
with superimposed horizontal jerk nystagmus
[View Video]
File size: 980 KB
Video Sequence 8: Seesaw Nystagmus
Congenital form with oppositely directed vertical oscillations as well
as intorsion of the elevating eye and extorsion of the depressing eye
[View Video]
File size: 1.02 MB
Video Sequence 9: Upbeat Nystagmus
In this patient with multiple sclerosis, oscillopsia and vertigo were
the presenting symptoms
[View Video]
File size: 1.18 MB
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