Distribution of nervous system-specific forms of enolase in peripheral tissues
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Cited by (107)
Neuron specific enolase as a marker of seizure related neuronal injury
2019, Neurochemistry InternationalCitation Excerpt :Brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) (Toro et al., 2007) myelin basic protein (MBP), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (Gurnett et al., 2003), microfilament (Lamers et al., 2003), and different enzymes (enolase, aldolase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase) (Royds et al., 1983) have been studied. Among all, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is the most widely investigated biochemical markers of nervous tissue damage, as it is present only in low concentrations outside the nervous system (Kato et al., 1982) and found to be relevant and reliable biomarker in assessing the brain injury (El-Maraghib et al., 2013). Its role in differentiating seizure or syncope was evaluated by Lee SY et al. and suggested that increased NSE was associated with seizure activity thus estimating the NSE levels serve as a diagnostic marker (Lee et al., 2010).
Effect of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine on serum neuron-specific enolase in focal seizures: A randomized controlled trial
2017, Epilepsy ResearchCitation Excerpt :NSE originates predominantly from the neuronal cytoplasm and neuroendocrine cells. Neuronal damage and impairment of the integrity of blood brain barrier can be detected by the release of NSE into CSF and eventually into the blood (Kato et al., 1982; Royds et al., 1983). NSE is therefore regarded as a marker of neuronal damage and prognosis in various disorders associated with cell damage in the central or peripheral nervous system.
Measurement of enolase activity in cell lysates
2014, Methods in EnzymologyCitation Excerpt :The tissues (0.1–0.3 g wet weight) are homogenized in 1 or 2 ml of 15 mM Tris–acetate (pH 6.5), 5 mM MgSO4, and 1 mM EDTA. The homogenate is centrifuged at 100,000 × g for 1 h at 4 °C, and the supernatant is used for the assay of enolase activity (Kato, Ishiguro, Suzuki, Ito, & Semba, 1982). Mammalian cells in culture are washed once with the buffer containing 250 mM sucrose, 20 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 10 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EGTA, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 1 mM phenylmethanesulfonylfluoride and homogenized in 1 ml of the buffer.
Serum concentration of NSE and S-100b during LVAD in non-resuscitated patients
2008, ResuscitationCitation Excerpt :The distribution of NSE within the various human organs and tissues has been known for more than 20 years. The subtypes αγ- and the γγ-enolase are found in high concentrations in the central nervous system, in axons of the peripheral nerves, and in neuro-endocrine tumours; several other organs and blood cells show lower NSE concentrations.10,12,23,24. An association between haemolysis rate and an increase in NSE serum levels was first described by Pahlmann et al.8,9 In our study, we found a significant decrease in the platelet count and haemoglobin levels, suggesting a mechanical destruction of blood cells during LVAD support, as significant bleeding did not occur.
Central Nervous System Tissue in Meat Products: An Evaluation of Risk, Prevention Strategies, and Testing Procedures
2007, Advances in Food and Nutrition ResearchCitation Excerpt :Finally, Lucker et al. (1998) evaluated immunochemical detection of NSE tissue by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and Western blotting. NSE is a dimeric protein composed of three immunologically distinct subunits (γγ and αγ) which are present in CNS tissue in greater concentrations than in non‐CNS tissues (Kato et al., 1982). Results indicated that brain was detected at a 1% concentration using the Western blotting method in emulsion‐type sausages, and at a <4% concentration in liver‐type sausages.
The increase of neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma as a marker of neuronal damage in patients with acute brain infarction
2005, Journal of Clinical Neuroscience