RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Mefloquine in the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy JF Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry JO J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 452 OP 455 DO 10.1136/jnnp.2009.190652 VO 82 IS 4 A1 T E Gofton A1 A Al-Khotani A1 B O'Farrell A1 L C Ang A1 R S McLachlan YR 2011 UL http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/82/4/452.abstract AB Mefloquine, an antimalarial medication with efficacy against JC virus, was used to treat progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. A 54-year-old woman with sarcoidosis presented with a progressive cerebellar syndrome. MRI showed lesions affecting the right cerebellum that progressed over time to the brainstem. JC virus was found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Mefloquine 1000 mg/week was initiated 6 months after symptom onset. Clinical progression stopped immediately, and JC virus became undetectable in the CSF. No clinical or imaging evidence of disease progression has occurred over 20 months of follow-up. This is the first report of successful treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with mefloquine.