Demographic characteristics of non-malingering and malingering patients after whiplash, patients after closed head injury, and normal controls
| Whiplash non-malingering (n=65) | Whiplash malingering (n=43) | Closed head injury (n=20) | Normal controls (n=46) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male/female | 31/34 | 14/29 | 12/8 | 17/29 | 0.14(χ2 ) |
| Age (mean (SD)) | 37.2 (10.3) | 41.0 (11.1) | 37.7 (14.3) | 33.9 (14.3) | 0.06 (ANOVA) |
| Education (mean (SD))1-150 | 5.2 (1.1) | 4.9 (1.3) | 5.2 (1.2) | 4.7 (1.4) | 0.12 (ANOVA) |
| DART-IQ (mean (SD)) | 98.8 (13.9) | 94.8 (13.1) | 97.3 (16.4) | 96.4 (14.2) | 0.59 (ANOVA) |
| ASTM test (range) | 86–90 | 71–85 | 87–90 | 88–90 |
↵1-150 Level of education is scored on a 7 point scale: 1=primary school not finished; 2=primary school (6 y); 5=intermediate professional school (about 10 y); 7=university (about 17 y). ASTM=Amsterdam short term memory test; DART=Dutch adult reading test.