Table 1

Patient details and mean spine densities (spines/mm dendrite) on layer III pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex of schizophrenic patients and non-schizophrenic controls

Patient No	Age	Sex	Onset	COD	PMI	Temporal spine density	Area	Frontal spine density	Area
Non-schizophrenics:
1	50	M		MI	17			165	10, 11
2	52	M		RTA	24	370	38, 22 (×2)	126	10, 11
3	57	M		PE	22	451	38
4	59	M		?MI	17	248	38	348	11
5	62	M		MI	6	381	38 (x2)
6	65	M		Head injury	24	362	22	464	10
7	65	M		MI	48	172	38
8	66	F		MI	5	240	38 (x2)
9	70	M		MI	47	210	38
10	77	M		Head injury	24			390	10, 11
11	78	F		Cardiomyopathy	44	50	38
Mean	64					276		299
SD						125.6		146.5

Non-schizophrenic psychosis:
25	87	F	52	Pneumonia	6			238	45

Schizophrenics (CX group):
12	44	M	32	Pneumonia	4	58	21, 38
13	56	M	26	PE	13	81	38 (×2)
14	61	M		Oes varices	96	138	38
15	65	M	27	Pneumonia	72	75	38	39	11
16	70	F	13	Pneumonia	5	241	38
17	71	M	24	Volvulus	5	144	20, 21 (×2), 22	136	10, 45
18	76	M	40	MI	48	116	20, 21 (×2)	128	10, 45
19	83	M	22	MI	7	150	21
Mean	66					125		101
SD						58.1		53.8

Schizophrenics (archive group):
20	54	F				69	38
21	75	M	40	MI	6h	69	38
22	78	F		Pneumonia	120h	66	38
23	83	M		MI; old CVA	18h	107	38
24	83	M		Pneumonia	21h	141	38
Mean	75					90
SD						33.0

All schizophrenics:
Mean						112		101
SD						51.4		53.8

COD=cause of death; CVA=cerebrovascular accident; MI=myocardial infarction; RTA=road traffic accident; PE=pulmonary embolism; Oes=oesophageal; PMI=postmortem interval (in hours); Onset=age at onset of schizophrenia; Area=Brodmann area from which blocks were analysed in individual cases.