Patient | Age/sex | Seizure duration | Seizure type | Seizure frequency | Antiepileptic drug | Volume of AVM (cm3) | Location of AVM | Central/peripheral dose (Gy) | AVM response |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 15 F | 5 y | 1, SPS(m) 2, SPS(s) | 1, monthly 2, monthly | PHT, PB | 25.0 | R parietal | 30/15 | NC (6 y) |
2 | 32 F | 11 y | CPS, SG | Weekly | PHT, PB | 3.9 | R temporal | 40/20 | CR (3 y) |
3 | 26 M | 1 y | CPS | Weekly | CBZ, PHT,VPA | 5.5 | R temporal | 1st: 40/205-1502nd: 40/20 | PR (3 y) CR (1.5 y) |
4 | 14 F | 1.5 y | 1, CPS, 2, SPS(m), SG | 1, weekly 2, monthly | CBZ, PB, VPA | 2.6 | L frontal | 40/20 | PR (5 y) |
5 | 34 F | 19 y | SPS (v), SG | Monthly | PHT, PB | 3.3 | R occipital | 40/20 | CR (3 y) |
6 | 41 M | 3 y | SPS (v) | 5-151Daily | CBZ | 5.6 | R occipital | 40/20 | CR (3 y) |
7 | 43 F | 8 y | SG | Monthly | PB | 1.1 | L temporal | 40/20 | CR (2.5 y) |
8 | 44 F | 3.5 y | SG | Monthly | VPA | 0.4 | L temporal | 40/20 | PR (2 y) |
9 | 17 F | 0.5 y | CPS | Weekly | ZNS | 0.6 | R parietal | 44.4/20 | PR (1.5 y) |
10 | 34 M | 3.5 y | SPS (s) | Monthly | refused | 6.9 | R parietal | 40/20 | CR (1 y) |
Brain oedema | Change in seizure frequency | Follow up (months) | Seizure outcome (Engel grade) |
---|---|---|---|
No | 1, free since 8 months 2, no change | 83 | Grade 3 AED continued |
No | Decreased since 4 months free since 37 months | 78 | Grade 1 AED discontinued |
No | Decreased since 3 months free since 41 months | 67 | Grade 1 AED reduced |
No | 1, no change 2, free since radiosurgery | 70 | Grade 3 AED continued |
Local | Decreased since 4 months free since 35 months | 55 | Grade 1 AED continued |
Local | Free since radiosurgery | 48 | Grade 1 AED discontinued |
No | Free since radiosurgery | 32 | Grade 1 AED reduced |
No | No change | 24 | Grade 4 AED continued |
Local | Decreased since 3 months | 20 | Grade 3 AED continued |
Local | Decreased since 5 months | 18 | Grade 3 AED refused |
NC = no therapeutic response; PR= partial obliteration of the AVM; CR= total obliteration of the AVM; SPS=simple partial seizures: (m); motor, (s); somatosensory, (v); visual; CPS=complex partial seizure; SG=secondary generalized seizure; PHT=phenytoin; PB=phenobarbitone; CBZ=carmabazepine; VPA=valproate sodium; ZNS=zonisamide.
↵5-150 Small remnant of AVM was reirradiated 3 years after radiosurgery.
↵5-151 Seizure frequency before introduction of CBZ, which was introduced 6 months before radiosurgery and discontinued l year later.