Neurocutaneous disorders associated with stroke
| Disorder | Cutaneous |
|---|---|
| Amyloidosis VII | Cutis laxa |
| Behçet’s disease | Erythema nodosum, genital and oral aphthous ulcers |
| Cerebral cavernous malformations | Rarely, angiomas |
| Diabetes mellitus | Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, poorly healing ulcers |
| Endocarditis | Petechiae, Osler’s nodes, splinter haemorrhages |
| Fabry disease | Angiokeratoma—clusters of punctate dark red to blue black non-blanching macules or papules; symmetric, starting at the umbilicus and knees, then buttocks and scrotum |
| Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome | Erythematous necrotic skin lesions |
| Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia | Telangiectasias |
| Homocystinuria | Sparse hair, malar flush, livedo reticularis, diffuse hypopigmentation |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | Xanthomas, xanthelasma |
| Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford) | Aged skin, alopecia, generalised hypotrichosis, sparse or absent eyebrows, scleroderma- like, thin skin, midfacial cyanosis |
| Neurocutaneous angioma | Large irregular haemangiomas, angiomas |
| Pseudoxanthoma elasticum | Pseudoxanthoma, multiple papules, peau d’orange skin, angioid streaks, subcutaneous calcification usually in blood vessels |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | Photosensitivity, malar rash, telangiectasia, discoid lupus, patchy alopecia, mucosal ulcers, angioneurotic oedema, Raynaud’s phenomenon, subcutaneous nodules, palpable purpura, gangrene, erythema multiforme (rare) |
| Takayasu’s arteritis | Cutaneous necrotising venulitis—palpable purpura |
| Werner (Pangeria) | Scleroderma-like skin, graying hair and baldness, leg ulcers, progressive scalp alopecia, sparse body hair, telangiectasia, mottled pigmentation, loss of subcutaneous fat, subcutaneous calcification |