Table 2

Clinical characteristics of patients with recurrent childhood tics

Patient	Sex	Age of onset	Description of tics	Distribution of tics	Childhood tics	Family history	Associated psychiatric symptoms	Medication trials	Course	Duration of follow up (y)
14	M	25	Phonations and multiple motor tics	larynx, face, neck, limbs	Multiple motor tics	Tics	OCD	No benefit from DZP, ALPZ, PMZ	Waxing and waning, improved	20
15	M	31	Multiple motor tics	Face, neck	Unspecified	—	—	Improvement on CLNZ, FLUOX, VPA	Waxing and waning, improved	11
16	M	32	Multiple motor tics	Face, neck	Ear wiggling	OCD	—	No benefit from CLNZ	Waxing and waning, improved	8
17	M	41	Multiple motor tics	Face	Blinking and mannerisms	OCD	OCD and anxiety disorder	Untreated	Waxing and waning	16
18	F	28	Multiple motor tics	Face, neck	Blinking	Tics	OCD	Improvement on CLNZ	Relapsing-remitting	20
19	M	61	Throat clearing phonation and multiple motor tics	Face, larynx, neck	Unspecified	Tics	OCD	No benefit on TRHX, improvement on CLNZ	Stable	13
20	F	62	Jaw opening tic, abdominal tensing tic	Face, abdomen	Blinking	—	—	No benefit from TRHX, BAC	Stable	10
21	M	63	Multiple phonations, facial tics	Neck, face, abdomen	Facial grimacing	Tics	—	No benefit from CLNZ, CLON, HAL	Stable	17
22	F	29	Single tongue thrusting tic	Tongue	Blinking	—	—	Untreated	Stable	12

ALPZ=alprazolam; BAC=baclofen; CLNZ=clonazepam; CLON=clonidine; DZP=diazepam; FLUOX=fluoxetine; HAL= haloperidol; OCD=obsessive compulsive disorder; PMZ=pimozide; TRHX=trihexiphenidyl; VPA=valproate.