Drug | Route | Adult dose | Paediatric dose |
Clomethiazole | iv infusion of 0.8% solution | 40–100 ml (320–800 mg) at 5–15 ml/min, then 0.5–20 ml/min | 0.1 ml/kg/min increasing every 2–4 h as required |
Clonazepam | iv bolus | 1 mg at < 2 mg/min4-150 | 250–500 μg at < 2 mg/min |
iv infusion | Maintenance dose 10 mg/24 h | ||
Diazepam | iv bolus | 10–20 mg at < 5 mg/min4-150 | 0.25–0.5 mg/kg at < 2–5 mg/min |
rectal administration | 10–30 mg4-150 | 0.5–0.75 mg/kg | |
iv infusion | 3 mg/kg/day | 200–300 μg/kg/day | |
Fosphenytoin | iv bolus | 15 mg PE/kg at a rate of < 100–150 mg PE/min | |
Maintenance dose: 4–5 mg/kg/day iv or im | |||
Isoflurane | inhalation | End tidal concentrations of 0.8–2% to maintain burst suppression | |
Lidocaine | iv bolus | 1.5–2.0 mg/kg at < 50 mg/min4-150 | |
iv infusion | Maintenance dose: 3–4 mg/kg/h | ||
Lorazepam | iv bolus | 4 mg4-150 | 0.1 mg/kg |
Midazolam | im or rectally | 5–10 mg4-150 | 0.15–0.3 mg/kg4-150 |
iv bolus | 0.1–0.3 mg/kg at < 4 mg/min4-150 | ||
iv infusion | 0.05–0.4 mg/kg/h | ||
buccal | 10 mg | 10 mg | |
Paraldehyde | rectally or im | 5–10 ml (approximately 1 g/ml) in equal volume of water4-150 | 0.07–0.35 ml/kg4-150 |
Pentobarbital | iv infusion | 5–20 mg/kg at a rate of < 25 mg/min, then 0.5–1.0 mg/kg/h increasing to 1–3 mg/kg/h | |
Phenobarbital | iv bolus | 10 mg/kg at a rate of < 100 mg/min | 15–20 mg/kg at a rate of < 100 mg/min |
Maintenance: 1–4 mg/kg/day | 3–4 mg/kg/day | ||
Phenytoin | iv bolus/infusion | 15–18 mg/kg at a rate of < 50 mg/kg | 20 mg/kg at a rate of < 25 mg/min |
Propofol | iv infusion | 2 mg/kg, then 5–10 mg/kg/h initially, reducing to 1–3 mg/kg/h to maintain burst suppression | |
Thiopental | iv infusion | 100–250 mg bolus given over 20 s, then further 50 mg boluses every 2–3 mins until seizures are controlled. Then infusion to maintain burst suppression (3–5 mg/kg/h) |
↵4-150 May be repeated.
PE, phenytoin equivalents, iv, intravenous; im, intramuscular.