Idiopathic RLS: |
RLS+PLM | Central dopaminergic dysfunction: | Presynaptic (caudate+putamen) |
| | Postsynaptic (D2) |
| Cerebellar and thalamic activation | |
RLS+SLD+PLM | Diencephalodopaminergic dysfunction | |
| Red nucleus activation | |
PLM+RLS | Spinal origin | Facilitation of spinal flexor reflexes |
RLS | Metabolic | Low brain iron content |
Familial | Genetic form | Positive family history |
Secondary RLS: |
Renal failure and uraemia | | |
Iron deficiency anaemia | | |
Vitamin B12 deficiency | | |
Hypothyroidism | | |
Rheumatoid arthritis | | |
Sjogren's syndrome | | |
Diabetes mellitus | | |
Movement disorders: | Parkinsonism | Disease related |
| | Dyskinesia related |
| Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
Mood related: | Depression |
| Antidepressant related |
Peripheral neuropathy: | Sensory polyneuropathy |
| Hereditary motor sensory neuropathy (CMT 2) |
Pregnancy |