Intrinsic factors
|
Age (years) | | | | | | |
40–49* | −7.5 | −17.0 to 2.0 | | −7.5 | −17.1 to 2.0 | |
50–59 | −7.0 | −16.5 to 2.4 | | −3.4 | −12.9 to 6.1 | |
60–69 | −7.2 | −16.8 to 2.4 | | −5.7 | −15.5 to 4.0 | |
70+ | −13.8 | −24.2 to −3.3 | 0.15† | −4.6 | −15.2 to 5.9 | 0.51† |
Women | −6.1 | −11.7 to −0.5 | 0.03 | −5.5 | −11.2 to 0.2 | 0.06 |
Self esteem | 11.7 | 9.4 to 14.1 | <0.001 | 13.1 | 10.9 to 15.3 | <0.001 |
Self deprecation | −9.0 | −11.6 to −6.5 | <0.001 | −10.9 | −13.3 to −8.4 | <0.001 |
| | | | | | |
Extrinsic factors
|
Single v cohabiting | 2.9 | −3.0 to 8.7 | 0.33 | 2.2 | −3.7 to 8.0 | 0.47 |
Educational level | | | | | |
Further | 4.9 | −1.2 to 11.0 | 0.11 | 9.1 | 3.0 to 15.2 | 0.004 |
Higher | 9.4 | 2.4 to 16.5 | 0.009 | 3.4 | −3.7 to 10.5 | 0.35 |
Employment status |
Retired | −17.1 | −24.6 to −9.7 | <0.001 | −14.4 | −21.8 to −6.9 | <0.001 |
Other | −12.3 | −19.7 to −5.0 | 0.001 | −15.6 | −23.0 to −8.1 | <0.001 |
Social support | 4.8 | 2.1 to 7.6 | 0.001 | 6.1 | 3.4 to 8.9 | <0.001 |
| | | | | | |
Disease related factors
|
Disease duration (years) |
6–10 | −1.3 | −8.8 to 6.1 | 0.73 | 3.0 | −4.5 to 10.6 | 0.43 |
11–16 | 4.2 | −3.9 to 12.3 | 0.31 | 3.1 | −5.0 to 11.3 | 0.76 |
17+ | 5.3 | −2.6 to 13.2 | 0.19 | 8.5 | 0.6 to 16.5 | 0.04 |
Response to botulinum toxin |
No benefit | −8.2 | −15.1 to −1.4 | 0.01 | −7.7 | −14.7 to −0.8 | 0.03 |
Global severity | −12.2 | −14.6 to −9.9 | <0.001 | −11.1 | −13.6 to −8.7 | <0.001 |
| | | | | | |
Intermediary variables
| | | | | |
Social participation | 7.1 | 4.6 to 9.6 | <0.001 | 8.5 | 6.1 to 11.0 | <0.001 |
Stigma | −10.0 | −12.7 to −7.4 | <0.001 | −12.0 | −14.5 to −9.5 | <0.001 |
Acceptance of illness | −8.2 | −10.7 to −5.7 | <0.001 | −7.4 | −10.0 to −4.9 | <0.001 |
Anxiety | | | | | | |
Mild | −15.9 | −21.3 to −10.6 | <0.001 | −18.0 | −23.0 to −12.9 | <0.001 |
Moderate | −22.8 | −29.2 to −16.4 | <0.001 | −27.3 | −33.4 to −21.2 | <0.001 |
Severe | −35.1 | −43.0 to −27.3 | <0.001 | −38.7 | −46.1 to −31.3 | <0.001 |
Depression | | | | | | |
Mild | −19.9 | −25.9 to −14.0 | <0.001 | −19.7 | −25.2 to −14.3 | <0.001 |
Moderate | −29.4 | −36.3 to −22.4 | <0.001 | −33.6 | −39.9 to −27.2 | <0.001 |
Severe | −43.3 | −51.0 to −35.7 | <0.001 | −48.3 | −55.3 to −41.3 | <0.001 |