Table 1

Results of the components and the global score of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire before and six months after surgery (n=11)

	Before surgery	After surgery	p Value
Results are mean (SD).
Each component of the PSQI ranges from 0 (no impairment) to 3 (maximum impairment). The sum of the scores of the seven components yields the global PSQI score, which has a range of 0–21; higer scores indicate worse sleep quality.
*p<0.05.
Subjective sleep quality	2.5 (0.6)	0.4 (0.6)	<0.001*
Sleep latency	2.0 (1.3)	0.4 (0.9)	0.002*
Sleep duration	2.6 (0.6)	0.7 (0.6)	<0.001*
Habitual sleep efficiency	2.4 (0.8)	0.5 (1.0)	0.001*
Sleep disturbances	1.7 (0.4)	0.9 (0.5)	0.005*
Use of drugs for sleep	1.9 (1.5)	1.9 (1.5)	1
Daytime dysfunction	1.5 (1.0)	0.6 (0.6)	0.005*
PSQI global score	14.8 (4.5)	5.4 (4.6)	<0.001*