Mean (SD) psychosocial and academic outcomes for outpatient and inpatient groups (0–10 years) compared with the reference group
| Unadjusted means | Adjusted means§ | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference group | Outpatient group | Inpatient group | F | p Level | Reference group | Outpatient group | Inpatient group | F | p Level | |
| *Significant effect across three groups; †significantly different from reference group; ‡significantly different from outpatient group. §Mean adjusted for 12 covariates (see table 1). ¶Ratings of attention and conduct, averaged over years 10–13; sample sizes vary from 788–807, 78–80, and 26–28 for the reference, outpatient, and inpatient groups respectively. **Sample sizes vary from 613–787, 64–80, and 22–26 for the reference, outpatient, and inpatient groups respectively. BURT10–13, average score on Burt Word Reading Test over ages 10–13; PATr10/12, Progressive Achievement Test (reading comprehension) at ages 10 and 12; PATm11, Progressive Achievement Test (Mathematics) at age 11. IQ, patient groups only for children injured before age 5. | ||||||||||
| Psychosocial outcomes¶ | ||||||||||
| Attention ratings | ||||||||||
| Mothers | 10.10 (2.6) | 10.13 (2.5) | 12.07 (3.8)†‡ | 7.70 | <0.001* | 10.44 (2.6) | 10.10 (2.5) | 11.76 (3.8)†‡ | 5.01 | <0.01* |
| Teachers | 9.44 (2.7) | 9.66 (3.0) | 11.65 (3.1)†‡ | 8.08 | <0.001* | 9.73 (2.7) | 9.62 (3.0) | 11.41 (3.1)†‡ | 5.40 | <0.01* |
| Combined | 9.76 (2.3) | 9.88 (2.5) | 11.68 (2.6)†‡ | 8.31 | <0.001* | 10.07 (2.3) | 9.85 (2.5) | 11.39 (2.6)†‡ | 5.25 | <0.01* |
| Conduct ratings | ||||||||||
| Mothers | 28.14 (4.7) | 29.13 (5.4) | 31.24 (6.1)† | 6.81 | <0.002* | 28.97 (4.7) | 28.99 (5.4) | 30.55 (6.1) | 1.93 | >0.10 |
| Teachers | 23.38 (4.9) | 23.81 (5.5) | 27.31 (6.2)†‡ | 7.83 | <0.001* | 23.83 (4.9) | 23.71 (5.5) | 26.94 (6.2)†‡ | 5.59 | <0.01* |
| Combined | 25.77 (4.2) | 26.50 (5.0) | 29.34 (5.4)†‡ | 9.26 | <0.001* | 26.43 (4.2) | 26.39 (5.0) | 28.79 (5.4)†‡ | 4.84 | <0.01* |
| Academic outcomes** | ||||||||||
| BURT10–13 | 75.86 (18.5) | 74.64 (20.5) | 69.51 (18.1) | 1.25 | >0.25 | 74.71 (18.5) | 74.12 (20.5) | 71.18 (18.1) | 0.42 | >0.65 |
| SchoolCert | 3.35 (2.2) | 3.33 (2.4) | 2.42 (2.3) | 2.10 | >0.10 | 3.15 (2.2) | 3.31 (2.4) | 2.63 (2.3) | 1.16 | >0.30 |
| PATr10 | 10.48 (7.0) | 10.60 (7.9) | 8.46 (6.9) | 0.96 | >0.35 | 10.01 (7.0) | 10.59 (7.9) | 8.94 (6.9) | 0.58 | >0.55 |
| PATr12 | 12.97 (4.8) | 13.24 (4.6) | 12.26 (5.4) | 0.36 | >0.65 | 12.56 (4.8) | 13.19 (4.6) | 12.72 (5.4) | 0.58 | >0.55 |
| PATm11 | 25.14 (7.3) | 25.27 (8.2) | 22.09 (7.1) | 1.85 | >0.15 | 24.75 (7.3) | 25.19 (8.2) | 22.56 (7.1) | 1.23 | >0.25 |
| IQ | 102.28 (15.2) | 101.23 (17.0) | 95.06 (19.5) | 1.89 | >0.15 | 100.85 (15.2) | 101.36 (17.0) | 96.36 (19.5) | 0.86 | >0.40 |