Sornas et al, 197227 | Ischaemic stroke (embolic and thrombotic, n = 110), and primary haemorrhagic stroke (n = 16) | Consecutive cellular CSF analysis | Longitudinal; 1–3 day intervals up to 4 weeks | Significant neutrophils detected in 25% of ischaemic cases | Repeat LP may influence results; ischaemia neutrophil density<haemorrhage neutrophil density; later peak in macrophage density; presence of collaterals may influence neutrophil density in ischaemic cases |
Chuaqui and Tapia, 199328 | Non-haemorrhagic (n = 16) and haemorrhagic infarcts (n = 15) | Histology (variety of stains) from core and margins, anterior and posterior circulations | 16 hours to 27 days post-ictus | Neutrophils seen from day 1 and absent by day 8; macrophages from day 5 | No neutrophils detected on day 1; data on leucocyte density core v margin not presented; more persistent neutrophil and later macrophage response and in haemorrhagic v non-haemorrhagic infarction |
Lindsberg et al, 199629 | Ischaemic stroke (n = 11) | Histology (H&E stain); core and margin delineated on basis of neuronal damage | 15 hours to 18 days post-ictus | Neutrophils detected in infarcted regions from 15 hours | Normalised density neutrophils by 6 days; macrophages seen at 17 days; no statistical analysis on severe v mild damage areas with respect to granulocyte and monocyte densities |