Chemokine responses in cerebral ischaemia
| Reference | Ischaemia model | Method | Time period | Results | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; IL, interleukin; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein. | |||||
| IL-8 | |||||
| Kostulas et al, 199855 | Ischaemic stroke (n = 18), longitudinal | Plasma ELISA and peripheral monocyte in situ hybridisation IL-8 assays | Days 1–7 post onset | Increase in serum and monocyte expression IL-8 v controls | Other CC chemokines, eg MCP-1, not raised; good correlation between plasma and cellular levels of IL-8 |
| Tarkowski et al, 199756 | Ischaemic stroke (n = 30), longitudinal | CSF ELISA IL-8 assay | 0–90 days post onset | Raised [IL-8]v controls, peak day 2 | Higher levels of IL-8 in white matter disease; poor correlation between [IL-8] and infarct volume |
| Nandate et al, 199957 | Cardiac bypass (n = 12) | Juguloarterial assay, ELISA assay, hypothermia to 30°C | 1–6 hours duration of bypass | Gradient for IL-8 from 1–6 hours post bypass | Gradient reduced by hypothermia intervention; no gradient for IL-1β or IL-6 |
| MCP-1 | |||||
| Losy and Zaremba, 200158 | Ischaemic stroke (n = 23) | CSF and serum ELISA; tension headache controls | 24 hour post ictus (single time point) | Significantly higher levels in CSF v controls | No follow up beyond 24 hours; infarct volumes not recorded |