Results obtained on cognitive, behavioural, and functional variables at baseline and follow up visits in the overall group of 20 patients with a 12 month follow up
| 3 Months | 6 Months | 12 Months | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | SR | Baseline (mean (SD)) | Mean (SD) | % | p Value | Mean (SD) | % | p Value | Mean (SD) | % | p Value | ||
| Significant data are in bold face. %, percentage change v baseline. a: +, improvement; −, decline; lower score = worse performance. b: −, improvement; +, decline; lower score = better clinical condition. ADL-UPDRS, activities of daily living subscale of the unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; MWCST, modified Wisconsin card sorting test; PDQL, Parkinson’s disease quality of life questionnaire; SR, score range. | |||||||||||||
| MMSEa | 0 to 30 | 26.7 (3.1) | 28.0 (2.4) | +4.9% | 0.0144 | 27.9 (2.2) | +4.5% | 0.0097 | 28.5 (2.0) | +6.7% | 0.0042 | ||
| Raven progressive matrices ’47a | 0 to 36 | 28.7 (4.9) | 28.3 (5.4) | −1.4% | 0.7764 | 28.4 (5.9) | −1.0% | 1.0 | 28.3 (6.1) | −1.4% | 0.7764 | ||
| Rey immediate recalla | 0 to 75 | 42.2 (13.2) | 36.6 (12.3) | −13.3% | 0.0217 | 42.2 (15.2) | +0.0% | 0.9405 | 44.8 (16.4) | +6.2% | 0.2659 | ||
| Rey delayed recalla | 0 to 15 | 9.2 (4.1) | 7.9 (4.5) | −14.1% | 0.0395 | 8.2 (4.2) | −10.9% | 0.1075 | 9.7 (5.0) | +5.4% | 0.6661 | ||
| Digit span forwarda | 5.6 (1.0) | 5.2 (0.8) | −7.1% | 0.1422 | 5.7 (1.0) | +1.8% | 0.7213 | 5.4 (1.0) | −3.6% | 0.5940 | |||
| Digit span backwarda | 3.7 (1.0) | 3.9 (1.5) | +5.4% | 0.3281 | 3.9 (1.8) | +5.4% | 0.4148 | 4.0 (1.3) | +8.1% | 0.1556 | |||
| Corsi’s span forwarda | 4.9 (1.0) | 5.2 (0.8) | +6.1% | 0.1688 | 5.0 (1.1) | +2.0% | 0.7536 | 5.0 (0.9) | +2.0% | 0.6566 | |||
| Corsi’s span backwarda | 4.2 (1.4) | 4.5 (1.1) | +7.1% | 0.3066 | 4.5 (1.5) | +7.1% | 0.3942 | 4.3 (1.0) | +2.4% | 0.7537 | |||
| Letter verbal fluencya | 32.6 (13.2) | 25.6 (9.4) | −21.5% | 0.0005 | 28.9 (12.2) | −11.3% | 0.0283 | 27.8 (10.6) | −14.7% | 0.0382 | |||
| MWCST: correct criteriaa | 0 to 6 | 4.3 (1.8) | 4.7 (1.6) | +9.3% | 0.1973 | 5.1 (1.5) | +18.6% | 0.0284 | 5.0 (1.6) | +16.3% | 0.0300 | ||
| MWCST: total errorsb | 0 to 48 | 14.3 (10.7) | 10.9 (9.6) | −23.8% | 0.0736 | 8.7 (8.7) | −39.2% | 0.0186 | 8.1 (9.2) | −43.4% | 0.0066 | ||
| MWCST: perseverative errorsb | 0 to 48 | 6.3 (6.1) | 3.3 (4.1) | −47.6% | 0.0219 | 2.6 (3.0) | −58.7% | 0.0135 | 3.1 (4.9) | −50.8% | 0.0121 | ||
| Zung’s depression scaleb | 20 to 80 | 43.3 (6.9) | 34.2 (11.1) | −21.0% | 0.0070 | 36.9 (11.7) | −15.0% | 0.0332 | 36.4 (10.2) | −15.9% | 0.0060 | ||
| Zung’s anxiety scaleb | 20 to 80 | 39.2 (9.9) | 33.2 (10.0) | −15.3% | 0.0097 | 34.6 (13.0) | −11.7% | 0.0362 | 32.6 (11.3) | −16.8% | 0.0268 | ||
| ADL-UPDRS, off drug treatmentb | 0 to 52 | 31.8 (5.8) | 8.7 (5.2) | −72.6% | <0.0001 | 8.3 (4.9) | −74.0% | <0.0001 | 8.8 (4.4) | −72.3% | <0.0001 | ||
| ADL-UPDRS, on drug treatmentb | 0 to 52 | 10.1 (8.3) | 7.6 (4.9) | −25.2% | 0.4074 | 6.8 (4.9) | −32.7% | 0.0141 | 6.2 (4.5) | −38.6% | 0.0313 | ||
| PDQLb | 0 to 148 | 83.2 (20.9) | 52.4 (36.4) | −37.0% | 0.0032 | 47.9 (28.1) | −42.4% | 0.0008 | 54.3 (28.3) | −34.7% | 0.0048 | ||