Review of published reports: summary of results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture, and serology
| Paper | CSF PCR, MS | CSF PCR, control | CSF PCR, p value | CSF culture, MS | CSF culture, control | CSF culture, p value | CSF serology, MS | CSF serology, control | CSF serology, p value | Serum serology, MS | Serum serology, control | Serum serology, p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Serum serology was done but results not detailed in paper; results described as “not different” or “unrevealing”. | ||||||||||||
| †Samples tested at four different centres. | ||||||||||||
| ‡This study. | ||||||||||||
| MS, multiple sclerosis. | ||||||||||||
| Sriram et al, 19991 | 36/37 (97%) | 5/27 (19%) | <0.001 | 24/37 (64%) | 3/27 (11%) | <0.001 | 32/37 (86%) | 4/26 (15%) | <0.001 | − | − | − |
| Boman et al, 20003 | 0/48 (0%) | 0/51 (0%) | NS | 0/48 (0%) | 0/51 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | 26/38 (68%) | 33/40 (82%) | − |
| Dong-Si et al, 20004 | 12/18 (66%) | 4/19 (21%) | 0.014 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Layh-Schmitt et al, 20005 | 7/30 (23%) | 0/56 (0%) | <0.001 | 2/8 (25%) | − | − | 2/30 (7%) | 2/56 (4%) | NS | * | * | * |
| Li et al, 20006 | 9/17 (52%) | 13/15 (86%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Morre et al, 20007 | 0/27 (0%) | 0/36 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Parratt et al, 20008 | − | − | − | − | − | − | 3/20 (15%) | 0/5 (0%) | NS | − | − | − |
| Poland & Rice, 20009 | 0/175 (0%) | 0/40 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Pucci et al, 200010 | 0/29 (0%) | 0/7 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Treib et al, 200011 | 2/8 (25%) | − | − | − | − | − | 8/22 (36%) | − | − | − | − | − |
| Derfuss et al, 200112 | 0/13 (0%) | 0/10 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | 11/46 (24%) | 3/61 (5%) | 0.027 | 23/45 (51%) | 32/60 (53%) | NS |
| Gieffers et al, 200113 | 12/58 (21%) | 20/47 OND (43%) or 0/67 healthy controls (0%) | − | 0/3 (0%) | 1/11 (9%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Krametter et al, 200114 | − | − | − | − | − | − | 16/52 (31%) | 1/43 (2%) | − | * | * | * |
| Numazaki & Chibar, 200115 | 0/5 (0%) | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Pincherle et al, 200116 | 23/107 (21%) | 2/77 (3%) | 0.0002 | − | − | − | − | − | − | * | * | * |
| Saiz et al, 200117 | 0/19 (0%) | 0/20 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | 3/19 (16%) | 0/20 (0%) | − | 10/19 (53%) | 15/20 (75%) | − |
| Sotgiu et al, 200118 | 3/32 (9%) | 0/30 (0%) | − | − | − | − | 3/32 (9%) | 4/30 (13%) | − | − | − | − |
| Hao Q et al, 200219 | 9/28 (32%) | 2/15 (13%) | NS | 1/28 (4%) | 1/15 (7%) | − | 13/66 (20%) | 1/25 (4%) | 0.064 | 43/66 (65%) | 16/25 (64%) | − |
| Kaufman et al, 2002: VUMC20† | 22/30 (73%) | 5/22 (23%) | <0.001 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Kaufman et al, 2002: JHU20† | 0/30 (0%) | 0/22 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Kaufman et al, 2002: UU20† | 0/30 (0%) | 0/22 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Kaufman et al, 2002: CDC20† | 0/14 (0%) | 0/5 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Munger et al, 200321 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 106/141 (75%) | 184/282 (65%) | 0.03 |
| Furrows et al, 2003‡ | 0/19 (0%) | 0/19 (0%) | NS | 1/19 (5.3%) | 0/29 (0%) | NS | − | − | − | 4/19 (21%) | 6/29 (21%) | NS |