Risk factors for the development of postoperative schizophrenia-like psychosis
| Patients who developed psychosis after TL | Patients free of psychosis after TL | Test of significance | |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL, temporal lobectomy; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. | |||
| Demographic factors | |||
| Sex | |||
| Male | 5 | 20 | OR (male) 0.54 (95% CI 0.13 to 2.14) |
| Female | 6 | 13 | |
| Age at operation (mean (SD)) | 25 (8) | 27 (8) | t = −0.63, df 42, p = 0.53 |
| Follow up in years (mean (SD)) | 8 (5) | 10 (6) | t = −0.89, df42, p = 0.37 |
| Neuropsychological factors | |||
| Handedness | |||
| Right | 10 | 28 | χ2 = 1.14, df 2, p = 0.56 |
| Left | 1 | 2 | |
| Ambidextrous | 0 | 3 | |
| IQ | |||
| Verbal | 93 (18) | 96 (13) | t = −0.51, df 42, p = 0.61 |
| Performance | 95 (20) | 96 (12) | t = −0.16, df 42, p = 0.87 |
| Clinical factors | |||
| Age in years of onset of habitual seizures (mean (SD)) | 10 (7) | 9 (6) | t = −0.25, df42, p = 0.80 |
| History of febrile convulsions | 3 | 7 | OR (history of febrile convulsions) 1.39 (95% CI 0.29 to 6.6) |
| History of status epilepticus | 2 | 2 | OR (status) 3.4 (95% CI 0.42 to 28.1) |
| Preoperative EEG findings | |||
| Unilateral abnormalities | 4 | 25 | OR (bilateral abnormalities) 5.45 (95% CI 1.26 to 23.6) |
| Bilateral abnormalities | 7 | 8 | |
| Operation | |||
| Side | |||
| Right | 7 | 16 | OR (right side) 1.6 (95% CI 0.4 to 6.4) |
| Left | 4 | 17 | |
| Extent | |||
| Anterior temporal lobectomy | 9 | 32 | OR (temporal lobectomy) 0.14 (95% CI 0.13 to 1.73) |
| Amygdalo-hippocampectomy | 2 | 1 | |
| Outcome | |||
| Total cessation of seizures | 5 | 23 | OR (complete cessation) 0.36 (95% CI 0.08 to 1.45) |
| Partial improvement | 1 | 4 | |
| No improvement | 5 | 6 | |
| Pathology | |||
| Mesial temporal sclerosis | 4 | 25 | OR (of pathologies other than mesial temporal sclerosis) 5.46 (95% CI 1.26 to 23.6) |
| Other pathologies | |||
| Dysembryoblastic neuroepithelial tumours | 2 | 1 | |
| No definite abnormality | 2 | 4 | |
| Arteriovenous malformation | 0 | 1 | |
| Cavernous haemangioma | 1 | 0 | |
| Abscess | 1 | 0 | |
| Ganglioglioma | 1 | 2 | |