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No abnormal symptoms, signs, or neuroimaging abnormalities that cannot be explained by raised intracranial pressure
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Confirmation of increased CSF pressure, usually by lumbar puncture (>25 cm in obese patients) but occasionally necessitating intracranial pressure monitoring
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Normal CSF constituents
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Exclusion of other potential causes of raised intracranial pressure, including: – drug treatment, particularly tetracyclines or vitamin A – cerebral venous sinus occlusion, particularly if there is a predisposition (for example, oral contraceptive therapy, mastoid disease, inherited or acquired thrombophilia, Behçet’s disease), or jugular venous occlusion, suggested by history of neck surgery – dural arteriovenous malformation, suggested by pulsatile tinnitus with an objective bruit – sleep apnoea – congenital or acquired disease of the spine or spinal cord
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