Demographic and clinical characteristics of consecutive patients with probable AD who did and did not meet criteria for apathy and depression*
| Patients with neither apathy nor depression (n = 74) | Patients with apathy and without depression (n = 11) | Patients with depression and without apathy (n = 47) | Patients with both apathy and depression (n = 18) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Female gender | 44 (59) | 5 (45) | 33 (70) | 12 (67) |
| Major depression† | 17 (36) | 13 (72) | ||
| Minor depression | 30 (64) | 5 (28) | ||
| Medications received | ||||
| Neuroleptics | 3 (4) | 2 (18) | 6 (13) | 5 (28) |
| Antidepressants | 5 (7) | 2 (18) | 6 (13) | 6 (33) |
| Anxiolytics | 8 (11) | 1 (9) | 14 (30) | 9 (50) |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Apathy was diagnosed using the Structured Interview for Apathy and Diagnostic Clinical Criteria for Apathy. Diagnoses of depression were made with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). | ||||
| Significant difference between groups: †χ2 = 13.8, df = 2, p<0.01; ‡F = 22.5, df = 3,146, p<0.0001; §F = 22.1, df = 3,146, p<0.0001; ¶F = 40.2, df = 3,146, p<0.0001; **F = 13.2, df = 3,142, p<0.0001; ††F = 4.35, df = 3,143, p<0.01. | ||||
| MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination. | ||||
| Age (years) | 69.2 (10.2) | 71.8 (13.8) | 71.8 (10.0) | 71.6 (8.2) |
| Apathy Scale score | ||||
| Caregiver rating‡ | 12.1 (7.2) | 20.3 (10.5) | 22.2 (6.2) | 30.2 (4.2) |
| Patient rating§ | 5.8 (7.0) | 17.7 (9.6) | 16.1 (9.4) | 27.9 (7.4) |
| Hamilton Depression Scale¶ | 5.5 (4.5) | 7.6 (3.9) | 18.0 (9.2) | 22.6 (8.2) |
| Hamilton Anxiety Scale** | 5.7 (4.4) | 5.7 (4.3) | 14.0 (7.6) | 19.2 (11.4) |
| MMSE score†† | 24.2 (5.7) | 20.6 (5.3) | 23.5 (4.5) | 19.0 (2.8) |