Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of Parkinson's disease patients and controls

Parkinson's disease patients, n=25, mean (SD)Controls, n=25, mean (SD)Two-tailed p-value*
Age (years)65.4 (5.2)66.7 (4.4)0.325
Years of education13.9 (3.7)13.6 (2.8)0.937
Years of driving45.1 (6.0)46.6 (6.1)0.533
Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score28.1 (1.4)29.1 (0.9)0.006
Beck Depression Inventory score9.0 (4.7)6.0 (2.6)0.008
Epworth Sleepiness Scale score7.2 (2.9)6.1 (3.3)0.223
Hoehn and Yahr stage1.8 (0.4)–
Disease duration in years6.4 (5.4)–
Disease onset age in years58.9 (7.7)–
Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale—motor score14.9 (5.2)–
Levodopa dosage (mg/day)†346.5 (267.7)–

  • Values in bold are significant.

  • ↵* Student t test or Mann–Whitney U test.

  • ↵† Levodopa (+dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor) without dopaminergic agonists.