Kaplan Meier survival analysis and Cox regression multiple analysis: estimated times to onset of SP and to DSS 8 from onset of progression, and estimated risk (HR) of attaining SP and DSS8 from onset of progression in patients grouped by clinical and demographic baseline features
| Survival analysis from disease onset | Survival analyses from onset of progression (SP patients only) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kaplan–Meier analysis | Cox regression multiple analysis | Kaplan–Meier analysis | Cox regression multiple analysis | |||||||
| n (% censored) | Mean years to onset of SP (95% CI) | p Value | Risk of converting to SP MS; HR (95% CI) | p Value | n (% censored) | Mean years to DSS 8 (95% CI) | p Value | Risk of reaching DSS 8; HR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Total population | 769 (33.8) | 21.4 (19.5 to 23.1) | 474 (33.1) | 15.2 (13.7 to 16.5) | ||||||
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 240 (24.6) | 15.9 (13.4 to 17.1) | <0.001 | 1.41 (1.17 to 1.71) | 0.001 | 165 (33.9) | 15.5 (12.8 to 16.0) | 0.92 | 1.03 (0.81 to 1.31) | 0.80 |
| Female* | 529 (38.0) | 22.4 (21.4 to 26.1) | 309 (32.7) | 14.7 (13.3 to 16.7) | ||||||
| Age at onset | ||||||||||
| ≤20 | 145 (41.1) | 25.8 (21.7 to 29.9) | <0.001 | 0.52 (0.40 to 0.68) | <0.001 | 80 (35.0) | 13.9 (10.2 to 17.7) | 0.11 | 1.55 (1.10 to 2.18) | 0.01 |
| 21–30 | 371 (38.1) | 20.2 (18.2 to 21.7) | <0.001 | 0.65 (0.53 to 0.80) | <0.001 | 207 (30.0) | 15.3 (13.3 to 17.4) | 0.44 | 1.15 (0.89 to 1.48) | 0.29 |
| >30* | 285 (24.6) | 15.3 (13.3 to 17.3) | 187 (35.8) | 15.0 (13.4 to 16.6) | ||||||
| Relapses during year 1–2 | ||||||||||
| 1 | 380 (28.7) | 19.9 (18.3 to 21.5) | 0.01 | 0.63 (0.49 to 0.80) | <0.001 | 246 (34.1) | 16.4 (14.5 to 18.2) | <0.001 | 0.47 (0.35 to 0.63) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 179 (30.2) | 16.7 (14.6 to 18.9) | 0.38 | 0.75 (0.57 to 0.99) | 0.041 | 121 (38.8) | 14.2 (12.5 to 15.9) | <0.001 | 0.53 (0.38 to 0.74) | <0.001 |
| ≥3* | 149 (34.2) | 15.1 (12.8 to 17.4) | 93 (24.7) | 9.6 (8.2 to 11.1) | ||||||
| No of symptoms at disease onset | ||||||||||
| 1 | 515 (32.6) | 20.3 (19.2 to 23.6) | 0.75 | 1.19 (0.92 to 1.54) | 0.17 | 321 (35.2) | 15.1 (13.7 to 16.3) | 0.17 | 1.00 (0.72 to 1.40) | 0.98 |
| >1* | 245 (36.7) | 19.9 (16.6 to 21.1) | 146 (28.1) | 13.9 (11.9 to 16.7) | ||||||
| Type of symptoms at disease onset | ||||||||||
| Motor | ||||||||||
| Present | 139 (28.8) | 18.0 (14.1 to 18.7) | 0.18 | 1.22 (0.93 to 1.61) | 0.15 | 89 (28.1) | 15.6 (12.5 to 18.7) | 0.87 | 1.12 (0.78 to 1.61) | 0.55 |
| Absent* | 630 (34.9) | 20.0 (19.7 to 23.8) | 385 (34.3) | 15.1 (13.5 to 16.7) | ||||||
| Sensory | ||||||||||
| Present | 419 (35.6) | 20.7 (17.7 to 21.2) | 0.41 | 0.99 (0.75 to 1.30) | 0.93 | 255 (32.9) | 15.3 (13.8 to 17.6) | 0.36 | 1.01 (0.71 to 1.41) | 0.97 |
| Absent* | 350 (31.7) | 19.7 (18.2 to 23.4) | 219 (33.3) | 13.9 (12.3 to 15.4) | ||||||
| Cerebellar | ||||||||||
| Present | 46 (30.4) | 18.7 (12.9 to 20.9) | 0.62 | 1.16 (0.79 to 1.71) | 0.44 | 30 (16.7) | 9.5 (6.1 to 11.3) | 0.001 | 2.21 (1.40 to 3.37) | <0.001 |
| Absent* | 723 (34.0) | 19.7 (19.5 to 23.3) | 444 (34.2) | 14.8 (14.0 to 17.0) | ||||||
| Brainstem | ||||||||||
| Present | 154 (36.4) | 19.2 (16.3 to 24.3) | 0.75 | 1.12 (0.83 to 1.52) | 0.44 | 91 (23.1) | 11.0 (8.8 to 13.0) | <0.001 | 1.91 (1.32 to 2.79) | <0.001 |
| Absent* | 615 (33.2) | 20.1 (17.4 to 19.8) | 383 (35.5) | 15.7 (!4.5 to 17.8) | ||||||
| Optic | ||||||||||
| Present | 170 (32.4) | 20.3 (16.2 to 20.7) | 0.86 | 1.04 (0.78 to 1.39) | 0.77 | 110 (38.2) | 14.9 (12.9 to 16.7) | 0.22 | 0.90 (0.62 to 1.30) | 0.58 |
| Absent* | 599 (34.2) | 19.5 (19.0 to 23.0) | 364 (31.6) | 14.4 (13.3 to 16.4) | ||||||
Multiple Cox regression analysis: risk (HR) of conversion to SP MS and of attaining DSS 8 from onset of secondary progression according to the concomitant effect of clinical and demographic baseline features.
*Reference category.
DSS, Disability Status Scale; MS, multiple sclerosis; SP, secondary progressive.