Table 3

Sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers to predict the therapeutic response to IFNβ

Biomarker	Cell type	AUC	Cut-off	Sensitivity %	Specificity %	PPV %	NPV %
Biomarkers that better predict suboptimal response: TRAIL-α expression on in vitro induction with IFNβ, before the onset of IFNβ therapy
TRAIL-α	Monocytes	0.736	0.81	88.2	70	62.5	91.3
	CD4+ T cells	0.794	0.12	83.3	65.2	55.5	88.2
	CD8+ T cells	0.733	0.055	83.3	61.8	60.6	87.5
Biomarkers that better predict good response: TRAIL-β and TRAILR-1 expression on in vitro induction with IFNβ, before the onset of IFNβ therapy

TRAIL-β	CD4+ T cells	0.662	0.095	77.3	47.8	73.9	52.4
TRAIL-β	CD8+ T cell	0.683	0.115	71.1	52.6	75	47.6
TRAILR-1	Monocytes	0.803	0.67	90.5	78.6	79.2	81.8
TRAILR-1	CD4+ T cells	0.883	0.29	90	75	85.7	81.8

AUC, area under the curve; IFN, interferon; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; TRAIL, Tumour necrosis factor-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand.