Baseline characteristics of patients entered into the Standard and New Antiepileptic Drug (SANAD) trial (arm B) by treatment group
| Treatment failure outcome | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTG (n=206) | TPM (n=211) | VPS (n=214) | Total (n=631) | |
| Gender: male | 121 (59) | 129 (61) | 130 (61) | 380 (60) |
| History of febrile seizures | 14 (7) | 19 (9) | 17 (8) | 50 (8) |
| First degree relative with epilepsy | 47 (23) | 33 (16) | 32 (15) | 112 (18) |
| Treatment history | ||||
| Treatment naive | 187 (91) | 185 (88) | 192 (90) | 564 (90) |
| Taking non-SANAD AED* | 11 (5) | 19 (9) | 15 (7) | 45 (7) |
| Seizures after previous period of 12 months remission, before randomisation | 8 (4) | 7 (3) | 7 (3) | 22 (3) |
| Age at randomisation in years, median (IQR) | 17 (12 to 27) | 19 (13 to 28) | 19 (12 to 26) | 19 (13 to 27) |
| Years from first seizure to randomisation, median (IQR) | 1.4 (0.6 to 3.7) | 1.4 (0.4 to 5.0) | 1.2 (0.4 to 4.0) | 1.3 (0.4 to 4.2) |
| Neurological insult | 20 (10) | 26 (12) | 20 (9) | 66 (10) |
| Number of tonic-clonic seizures ever before randomisation, median (IQR) | 3 (1 to 4) | 3 (1 to 5) | 3 (1 to 5) | 3 (1 to 5) |
| Seizure type | ||||
| Generalised tonic-clonic seizures only | 55 (27) | 63 (30) | 66 (31) | 184 (29) |
| Absence seizures† | 42 (20) | 30 (14) | 37 (17) | 109 (17) |
| Myoclonic or absence seizures with tonic-clonic seizures | 43 (21) | 50 (24) | 47 (22) | 140 (22) |
| Unclassified tonic-clonic seizures | 53 (26) | 53 (25) | 49 (23) | 155 (25) |
| Other seizures | 13 (6) | 15 (7) | 15 (7) | 43 (7) |
| Epilepsy type | ||||
| Generalised | 148 (72) | 149 (71) | 157 (73) | 454 (72) |
| Unclassified | 58 (28) | 62 (29) | 57 (27) | 177 (28) |
| EEG results | ||||
| Normal | 54 (26) | 42 (20) | 59 (28) | 155 (25) |
| Non-specific abnormality | 16 (8) | 24 (11) | 19 (9) | 59 (9) |
| Epileptiform abnormality | 123 (60) | 134 (64) | 130 (60) | 387 (61) |
| Not done | 13 (6) | 11 (5) | 6 (3) | 30 (5) |
| CT/MRI result | ||||
| Normal | 85 (41) | 95 (45) | 93 (43) | 273 (43) |
| Abnormal | 12 (6) | 12 (6) | 10 (5) | 34 (5) |
| No result | 109 (53) | 104 (49) | 111 (52) | 324 (52) |
The values are actual number with percentages in brackets unless otherwise stated.
*Antiepileptic drugs other than those that were randomly allocated in SANAD.
†Includes nine patients with myoclonic and absence seizures.
AED, antiepileptic drug; LTG, lamotrigine; SANAD, Standard and New Antiepileptic Drug; TPM, topiramate, VPS, valproate.