Differential diagnosis for decreased conscious level
| Controls (n=20) | DLB (n=37) | AD (n=20) | MCI-LB (n=38) | MCI-AD (n=21) | |
| Age (years±SD) | 75.9±7.3 | 76.1±6.6 | 75.9±6.7 | 75.6±7.5 | 78.5±6.4 |
| Sex (M:F) | 16:4 | 30:7§ | 15:5 | 25:13 | 7:14* |
| Disease duration (months±SD) | 25.2±20.4 | 24.2±20.9 | |||
| MMSE (score±SD) | 29.1±0.9*†‡§ | 21.2±4.6‡§¶ | 20.3±4.7‡§¶ | 26.4±2.3*†¶ | 26.5±2.1*†¶ |
| ACE (score±SD) | 94.8±3.0*†‡§ | 62.1±15.4‡§¶ | 60.5±16.5‡§¶ | 78.2±9.6*†¶ | 79.4±11.1*†¶ |
| UPDRS (score±SD) | 5.6±3.5*†‡§ | 43.0±18.1†‡§¶ | 13.6±7.2*‡¶ | 27.2±16.2*†§¶ | 15.7±6.5*‡¶ |
| NPI (score±SD) | 20.4±19.9§ | 14.0±13.3§ | 14.3±10.5§ | 5.1±6.2*†‡ | |
| Levodopa use (no of patients, %) | 0 (0%) | 13 (35%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (21%) | 0 (0%) |
| Antidementia medication (no of patients, %) | – | 35 (96%)‡§ | 20 (100%)‡§ | 18 (47%)*† | 5 (24%)*† |
| Anti-inflammatory medication (no of patients, %) | 13 (65%) | 14 (38%) | 5 (25%) | 23 (66%) | 9 (43%) |
| CIRS-G (score±SD) | 6.7±4.3* | 11.5±4.1¶ | 8.6±3.6 | 9.5±4.3 | 9.5±3.9 |
| CIRS-G without neuro/psych (score±SD) | 6.5±4.1 | 8.1±3.8 | 6.2±3.4 | 8.4±4.5 | 8.2±4.4 |
Results are presented as mean and SD.
Antidementia medication includes donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and memantine. Anti-inflammatory medication includes all non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids.
*Significantly different from DLB group (P<0.05).
†Significantly different from AD group (P<0.05)
‡Significantly different from MCI-LB group (P<0.05)
§Significantly different from MCI-AD group (P<0.05)
¶Significantly different from controls (P<0.05).
ACE, Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination; AD, Alzheimer’s Disease; CIRS-G, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric; CIRS-G without neuro/psych, CIRS-G score without the neurology or psychiatric components included; DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MCI-AD, MCI with probable Alzheimer’s disease; MCI-LB, MCI with probable Lewy body dementia; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; NPI, Neuropsychiatric Inventory; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.