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Posterior fall-recovery training applied to individuals with chronic stroke: A single-group intervention study
2021, Clinical BiomechanicsCitation Excerpt :The greater stability of paretic-limb steps was attributed to better control of the non-paretic stance limb. During a feet-in-place response to a standing perturbation, the paretic limb had a diminished, delayed muscle response characterized by co-contraction (Badke et al., 1987; Di Fabio et al., 1986; Di Fabio, 1987a; Di Fabio and Badke, 1988; Dickstein et al., 1989a, 1989b; Dickstein et al., 1994; Dickstein et al., 1989a, 1989b; Diener et al., 1985; Dietz and Berger, 1984; Kirker et al., 2000; Marigold et al., 2004). Muscle activity of the stance limb during posterior stepping, however, has not been evaluated.
Right in Comparison to Left Cerebral Hemisphere Damage by Stroke Induces Poorer Muscular Responses to Stance Perturbation Regardless of Visual Information
2019, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular DiseasesLight touch leads to increased stability in quiet and perturbed balance: Equivalent effects between post-stroke and healthy older individuals
2018, Human Movement ScienceCitation Excerpt :Lower amplitude and velocity of CoP displacement in the post-stroke in comparison with the control group indicate reduced magnitude and rate of force application to the ground through the ankles to revert the anterior body displacement and recover a stable upright body posture. Reduced forces applied to the ground by the post-stroke group are conjectured to be due to delayed (Di Fabio et al., 1986; Ikai et al., 2003; Marigold & Eng, 2006a; Marigold et al., 2004) and weaker (Fernandes et al., 2018; Garland et al., 2007; Ikai et al., 2003) muscular responses to postural perturbations in comparison with healthy individuals. While these characteristics have been observed to be more evident in the paretic leg (Fernandes et al., 2018), impaired corrective responses to postural perturbations have been reported to occur in the nonparetic body side as well (Bourke et al., 2015).
Stroke
2018, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyCitation Excerpt :Following postural perturbations in the laboratory or clinic, people at all stages of stroke recovery are often unable to execute effective reactions, and frequently require assistance of an overhead safety harness or therapist to prevent a fall (Marigold et al., 2004; Marigold and Eng, 2006; Kajrolkar and Bhatt, 2016; Mansfield et al., 2012a, 2013b, 2015c; Salot et al., 2016). Studies of fixed-support reactions (e.g., ankle or hip strategies) following postural perturbations report delayed response initiation (Horak et al., 1984; DiFabio et al., 1986; Garland et al., 1997; Kirker et al., 2000; Marigold et al., 2004; Marigold and Eng, 2006), abnormal patterns of muscle activation (Horak et al., 1984; DiFabio, 1987; Garland et al., 1997; Kirker et al., 2000), and reduced contribution of the more-affected limb to balance recovery (van Asseldonk et al., 2006) in individuals with stroke. When confronted with a situation requiring a reactive step, those with stroke-related hemiparesis are presented with a unique challenge: one that requires relying on the more-affected limb, either for accepting full body weight to step with the less-affected limb, or for generating the muscle force required to step rapidly (Mansfield et al., 2012a).
Does aging with a cortical lesion increase fall-risk: Examining effect of age versus stroke on intensity modulation of reactive balance responses from slip-like perturbations
2016, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Therefore, following injury to the cerebral cortex such as that seen in stroke one might expect impaired ability to modulate reactive balance responses. Previous studies have reported delayed postural muscle latencies of the paretic limb and altered timing of postural distal and proximal muscle contraction during external perturbations which may affect the interlimb co-coordination necessary for a compensatory stepping response (Di Fabio et al., 1986; Di Fabio and Badke, 1988; Marigold et al., 2004). These factors could further contribute toward impaired modulation of reactive balance responses as well, overall affecting the ability to regain balance from large external perturbations.