Brain magnetic resonance imaging correlates of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
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Computer Aided Diagnosis System for multiple sclerosis disease based on phase to amplitude coupling in covert visual attention
2019, Computer Methods and Programs in BiomedicineCitation Excerpt :It is worth mentioning that cognitive problems and physical disabilities can occur independently of each other, which can make multiple sclerosis even more complex to recognize and identify [8]. It is also believed that impairments in patients mostly depend on the disruption of corticocortical connections caused by demyelination within the white matter [9,10]. Cognitive dysfunction, as it is assumed by many, is one of the most prevalent problems associated with MS, whose type, severity and frequency have been variously reported in the existing literature [11].
Cognitive-motor interference during gait in patients with Multiple Sclerosis: a mixed methods Systematic Review
2018, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral ReviewsCitation Excerpt :It would further support the previously discussed bottleneck and capacity-sharing theories (Ruthruff et al., 2001; Tombu and Jolicoeur, 2003), by which both tasks would compete for the same cognitive and neural resources, thus creating an interference. Several neuropathological patterns have been considered responsible for the cognitive deficits observed in individuals with MS. Cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical deafferentation and axonal loss would imply a general disconnection between cortical associative areas and between those with the thalamus and basal ganglia (Comi et al., 1993, 2000), which may thus affect the previously described fronto-striatal executive network for cognitive and locomotor control. Moreover, it has been evidenced that MS plaques are frequently on the white matter of prefrontal and parietal cortices (Bø et al., 2003; Charil et al., 2007).
REU Site: Bio-Grid Initiatives for interdisciplinary research and education
2017, Journal of Parallel and Distributed ComputingCitation Excerpt :This project concentrates on creating a Bio Data Management unit (BDM unit) that interfaces with the middleware and provides additional metadata management capabilities. For example, medical images are stored in DICOM servers [9,10,34] in the hospital. Each image may consist of one or several DICOM files representing portions of the imaged body.
Symptomatic treatment and management of multiple sclerosis
2014, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyCitation Excerpt :The bicaudate ratio (intercaudate distance divided by brain width) has also been used as a marker for central atrophy and was found to be more closely associated with cognitive status than other structural markers, including whole-brain atrophy (Bermel et al., 2002). Atrophy of the corpus callosum (Comi et al., 1993) and thalamus (Houtchens et al., 2007) is associated with impaired cognition. Follow-up studies have used early MRI metrics to predict long-term cognitive ability.
Clinical neurophysiology of multiple sclerosis
2014, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyCitation Excerpt :In MS, demyelination and axonal block or axonal loss leads to EP abnormalities such as delayed latency, morphologic abnormalities, and increased refractory period. A well-preserved wave morphology together with relevant latency delay is suggestive of a demyelinating disorder (Comi et al., 1999), although none of these abnormalities is specific for MS. The use of EPs in the diagnosis of MS has been greatly reduced by the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), since, although EPs can detect subclinical CNS involvement, their sensitivity to brain lesions is much lower compared to that of MRI (Comi et al., 1993). MRI is clearly superior to EPs in detecting supratentorial lesions since plaques are preferentially located in periventricular regions and do not affect sensory and motor pathways.
Effect of Chronic Antipsychotic Exposure on Astrocyte and Oligodendrocyte Numbers in Macaque Monkeys
2008, Biological Psychiatry