Importance of the recognition of a warning leak as a sign of a ruptured intracranial aneurysm

Acta Neurol Scand. 1991 Jan;83(1):61-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1991.tb03960.x.

Abstract

In the Danish Aneurysm Study 1076 patients (pts.) were admitted with an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the 5-year period 1978-83. A warning leak (WL), defined as a sudden episode of headache, vomiting, nuchal pain, dizziness or drowsiness, was identified in 166 pts. (15.4%). In 99 of these the episode was evaluated by a physician but misdiagnosed. A 2-year follow-up examination of the 99 pts. showed that 30 pts. had a normal mental outcome and 43 pts. were dead. If these patients were correctly diagnosed after the WL, when they were in Hunt grade 1-2, the outcome-figures would probably have been significantly better. A theoretical transfer of the outcome-probabilities for pts. in Hunt grade 1-2 to the above mentioned 99 pts. would result in 66 pts. with a normal mental outcome and 25 dead pts. This shows the importance of recognition of a WL episode.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / diagnosis*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurologic Examination
  • Risk Factors
  • Rupture, Spontaneous
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / diagnosis*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed