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Physical signs
Diagnostic value of nystagmus: spontaneous and induced ocular oscillations
  1. A Serra1,
  2. R J Leigh2
  1. 1Department of Neurology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA and Institute of Clinical Neurology-University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
  2. 2Departments of Neurology, Biomedical Engineering, and Neuroscience, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University
  1. Dr R J Leigh, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106–5000, USA;
 rjl4{at}po.cwru.edu

Abstract

Research over the past 20 years has provided a clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of most forms of nystagmus and other ocular oscillations. To the clinician, these advances translate into greater accuracy of nystagmus as a diagnostic sign. However, to capitalise on these advances, it is important to systematically examine eye movements and interpret the findings with reference to pathophysiology. In this review we describe a scheme for examining the patient with nystagmus and interpreting common ocular oscillations; some examples are provided as video clips.

  • nystagmus
  • opsoclonus
  • multiple sclerosis
  • gaze

https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.73.6.615

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