Sir Charles Bell first drew attention to the long thoracic nerve in 1821.¹ Lesions of the nerve cause winging of the scapula with medial transition of the scapula and prominence of the vertebral border.² Skillern in 1913 first observed that the nerve is exposed to trauma in the root of the neck. He wrote:

“The long thoracic nerve is exposed to trauma as it traverses the scalenius medius.”

The nerve itself is small in diameter and fragile and is vulnerable at many sites, …