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Research paper
Stereo-EEG-guided radio-frequency thermocoagulations of epileptogenic grey-matter nodular heterotopy
  1. Massimo Cossu1,
  2. Dalila Fuschillo2,
  3. Francesco Cardinale1,
  4. Laura Castana1,
  5. Stefano Francione1,
  6. Lino Nobili1,
  7. Giorgio Lo Russo1
  1. 1Department of Neurosciences, ‘C. Munari’ Epilepsy Surgery Centre, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Milano, Italy
  2. 2Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences and of Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
  1. Correspondence to Dr Massimo Cossu, Department of Neurosciences, ‘C. Munari’ Epilepsy Surgery Centre, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milano 20162, Italy; massimo.cossu{at}ospedaleniguarda.it

Abstract

Objective To retrospectively evaluate seizure outcome in a case-series of patients with nodular heterotopy (NH)-related epilepsy treated by stereo-EEG (SEEG)-guided radio-frequency thermocoagulation (RF-THC) of the NH.

Methods Five patients (three male, age 5–33 years) with drug-resistant focal epilepsy presented a single NH at brain MRI. Following video-EEG monitoring, patients underwent SEEG recording to better identify the epileptogenic zone. All patients received RF-THC of the NH, using contiguous contacts of the electrodes employed for recording. The contacts for RF-THC lesions were chosen according to anatomical (intranodular position) and electrical (intranodular ictal low-voltage fast activity) criteria.

Results At SEEG recordings, ictal discharge originated from the NH alone in three cases and from the NH and ipsilateral hippocampus in one case. In the remaining case, different sites of ictal onset, including the NH, were identified within the left frontal lobe. No adverse effects related to the RF-THC procedures were observed, apart from a habitual seizure that occurred during coagulation in one patient. Postprocedural sustained seizure freedom was detected in four cases (mean follow-up 33.5 months). In the case with left frontal multifocal ictal activity, RF-THC of the NH provided no benefit on seizures, and the patient is seizure-free after left frontal lobe resection.

Conclusions SEEG-guided RF-THC proved to be a safe and effective option in our small case-series of NH-related focal epilepsy. The indications to this treatment were strictly dependent on findings of intracerebral recording by SEEG, which can define the role of the NH in the generation of the ictal discharge.

  • EPILEPSY, SURGERY
  • EEG
  • STEREOTAXIC SURGERY
  • EPILEPSY
  • MRI

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