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Encephalitis as an immune-related adverse event has different features than encephalitis in regular clinical practice
With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), neurologists encounter more immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Since the mortality rate of encephalitis occurring as an irAE (irEncephalitis) is as high as 19%,1 it is as lethal a condition as myocarditis. Vogrig et al 2 proposed the classification of central nervous system complications associated with autoantibodies. This report is valuable for managing irEncephalitis, which shows different features than encephalitis in the usual clinical setting.
Making a diagnosis of irEncephalitis is difficult, as patients present with a broad range of clinical features. Limbic encephalitis is the most common phenotype of irEncephalitis; however, unexpected clinical features can be observed, such as those referred to as atypical …
Footnotes
Collaborators None.
Contributors SS was involved in all aspects of the commentary.
Funding This work was supported by JSPC KAKENHI Grant Number JP17K09784 and Intramural Research Grant (29-4) for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders of NCNP.
Competing interests SS is a consultant/advisory board member on neurologic side effects for Ono Pharmaceutical, Bristol-Myers Squibb, MSD, Chugai and AstraZeneca.
Patient consent for publication Not required.
Provenance and peer review Commissioned; internally peer reviewed.
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