Background To improve equity of service provided to people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), in line with the aspirations of public policy across the UK, it is imperative to understand how sociodemographic factors affect management and care of people with MS.

Methods We conducted a focused review of literature published between 2000-2021 to outline the evidence describing the relationship between the nine protected characteristics of the Equality Act 2010 and the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of MS. Other factors such as deprivation, settlement status, education and employment were also explored.

Results There is much published literature on the relationship between age, sex, geographical factors, pregnancy and MS epidemiology and management. There is also good quality evidence regarding the large disability burden caused globally. Further research is required to explore racial differences in disease onset, progression, and disability as well as the relationship between MS care and religious factors, sexual orientation, gender reassignment and socioeconomic factors, particularly in UK settings.

Discussion Better understanding of sociodemographic factors and their relationship with MS epidemiol- ogy and management is key to improving equity of care. This review has identified gaps in knowledge that require further research.