PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - M J Thurtell
AU  - A Mohamed
AU  - H O Lüders
AU  - R J Leigh
TI  - Evidence for three-dimensional cortical control of gaze from epileptic patients
AID  - 10.1136/jnnp.2008.155218
DP  - 2009 Jun 01
TA  - Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
PG  - 683--685
VI  - 80
IP  - 6
4099  - http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/80/6/683.short
4100  - http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/80/6/683.full
SO  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry2009 Jun 01; 80
AB  - Electrophysiological studies in primates indicate that the eye fields of the cerebral hemispheres control gaze in three-dimensional space, and contain neurons that encode both conjugate (versive) and vergence eye movements. Two patients with epilepsy who exhibited disconjugate contraversive horizontal eye movements are described, one during electrical stimulation of the frontal eye fields and the other during focal seizures. We postulate that these eye movements resulted from combined contralateral version and vergence, and suggest that human cortical eye fields also govern visual search in a three-dimensional world, shifting the point of fixation between targets lying in different directions and at different depths.