PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Fumitaka Shimizu
AU  - Mariko Oishi
AU  - Setsu Sawai
AU  - Minako Beppu
AU  - Sonoko Misawa
AU  - Naoko Matsui
AU  - Ai Miyashiro
AU  - Toshihiko Maeda
AU  - Yukio Takeshita
AU  - Hideaki Nishihara
AU  - Yasuteru Sano
AU  - Ryota Sato
AU  - Ryuji Kaji
AU  - Satoshi Kuwabara
AU  - Takashi Kanda
TI  - Increased IP-10 production by blood–nerve barrier in multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy and multifocal motor neuropathy
AID  - 10.1136/jnnp-2018-319270
DP  - 2019 Apr 01
TA  - Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
PG  - 444--450
VI  - 90
IP  - 4
4099  - http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/90/4/444.short
4100  - http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/90/4/444.full
SO  - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry2019 Apr 01; 90
AB  - Objective Dysfunction of the blood–nerve barrier (BNB) plays important roles in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). The aim of the present study was to identify the candidate cytokines/chemokines that cause the breakdown of the BNB using sera from patients with CIDP and MMN.Methods We determined the levels of 27 cytokines and chemokines in human peripheral nerve microvascular endothelial cells (PnMECs) after exposure to sera obtained from patients with CIDP variants (typical CIDP and multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy [MADSAM]), MMN and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and healthy controls (HC), using a multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassay system.Results The induced protein (IP)10 level in the cells in both the MADSAM and MMN groups was markedly increased in comparison with the typical CIDP, ALS and HC groups. The other cytokines, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-7, were also significantly upregulated in the MADSAM group. The increase of IP-10 produced by PnMECs was correlated with the presence of conduction block in both the MADSAM and MMN groups.Conclusion The autocrine secretion of IP-10 induced by patient sera in PnMECs was markedly upregulated in both the MADSAM and MMN groups. The overproduction of IP-10 by PnMECs leads to the focal breakdown of the BNB and may help to mediate the transfer of pathogenic T cells across the BNB, thereby resulting in the appearance of conduction block in electrophysiological studies of patients with MADSAM and MMN.