Demographic and neuropsychological data
| Real–real (n=5) | Placebo–real (n=5) | |||||||||||||
| p Value Group | Time | Time×group | Real–real (n=5) | Placebo–real (n=5) | p Value Group | Time | Time×group | |||||||
| Age (years) | 71.2±6.1 | 74.4±3.8 | 0.40 | |||||||||||
| Education (years) | 6.4±1.3 | 4.8±0.4 | 0.06 | |||||||||||
| Baseline | 2 weeks | Baseline | 2 weeks | 4 weeks | 12 weeks | 4 weeks | 12 weeks | |||||||
| Mini-Mental State Examination | 16.2±2.7 | 16.0±3.3 | 16.0±2.0 | 16±2.1 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 15.4±3.4 | 16.4±2.8 | 16.2±2.4 | 14.5±3.7 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.59 |
| Basic Activities of Daily Living | 1.2±1.2 | 1.2±1.2 | 2.0±1.2 | 2.0±1.2 | 0.09 | – | – | 1.2±1.2 | 1.2±1.2 | 2.0±1.2 | 2.0±1.2 | 0.09 | – | – |
| Instrumental Activities of Daily Living | 6.0±1.8 | 6.0±1.8 | 6.6±1.7 | 6.6±1.7 | 0.43 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 6.0±1.8 | 6.0±1.8 | 6.6±1.7 | 6.6±1.7 | 0.43 | 0.34 | 0.34 |
| Picture-naming task | ||||||||||||||
| Objects | 61.9±8.5 | 60.6±11.5 | 54.7±7.4 | 55.0±8.7 | 0.37 | 0.95 | 0.75 | 63.0±18.7 | 65.7±19.6 | 51.0±14.8 | 48.3±12.7 | 0.18 | 0.82 | 0.22 |
| Actions | 42.2±9.7 | 48.3±5.2 | 38.2±7.5 | 40.7±10.2 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.70 | 47.0±7.4 | 47.9±8.7 | 41.7±15.0 | 45.0±16.0 | 0.41 | 0.29 | 0.82 |
| Battery for Analysis of Aphasic Deficits (correct responses, %) | ||||||||||||||
| Oral object naming | 60.0±9.5 | 47.4±10.1 | 0.11 | |||||||||||
| Oral action naming | 40.3±10.5 | 35.6±8.4 | 0.51 | |||||||||||
| Sentence comprehension* | 66.7±7.7 | 77.3±5.8 | 66.0±6.4 | 66.0±8.6 | 0.22 | 0.04* | 0.04* | 73.3±6.6 | 78.7±7.9 | 75.4±9.9 | 75.7±9.2 | 0.36 | 0.02* | 0.23 |
| Aachener Aphasie Test | ||||||||||||||
| Token test (errors) | 21.2±5.1 | 22.6±7.7 | 19.2±6.2 | 17.6±8.1 | 0.47 | 0.94 | 0.33 | 25.2±6.7 | 21.2±10.5 | 17.6±10.0 | 19.5±10.1 | 0.64 | 0.77 | 0.50 |
| Repetition | 137.2±13.1 | 133.6±18.0 | 131±13.0 | 131.6±11.4 | 0.68 | 0.43 | 0.28 | 139.8±7.8 | 136.6±13.8 | 132.2±10.8 | 129.5±12.6 | 0.45 | 0.61 | 0.50 |
| Writing | 71.6±15.8 | 77.2±11.5 | 73.8±11.0 | 76.8±14.2 | 0.92 | 0.23 | 0.70 | 78.2±5.9 | 78.0±8.3 | 78.0±10.7 | 77.5±15.8 | 0.94 | 0.42 | 0.98 |
| Naming | 90.8±6.5 | 91.2±7.4 | 88±4.6 | 90.2±9.7 | 0.68 | 0.63 | 0.74 | 94.2±5.8 | 99.0±6.0 | 91.6±11.6 | 92.8±10.3 | 0.41 | 0.15 | 0.92 |
| Comprehension | 85.6±3.9 | 92.6±9.1 | 86.4±3.6 | 90.8±8.4 | 0.90 | 0.07 | 0.64 | 91.6±9.6 | 94.8±5.6 | 90.2±12.2 | 86.0±14.0 | 0.47 | 0.23 | 0.49 |
| Serial curve position | ||||||||||||||
| Primacy | 3.8±3.2 | 5.0±4.5 | 5.0±2.6 | 7.0±4.3 | 0.55 | 0.06 | 0.57 | 3.8±3.6 | 3.4±4.2 | 6.6±4.8 | 7.0±2.8 | 0.29 | 0.23 | 0.63 |
| Recency | 4.6±2.6 | 5.8±2.9 | 5.8±1.6 | 3.8±1.1 | 0.74 | 0.61 | 0.07 | 7.8±5.4 | 8.2±7.2 | 4.0±3.1 | 6.6±2.1 | 0.22 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| First item | 1.8±1.9 | 1.8±1.9 | 2.6±2.1 | 3.2±2.3 | 0.44 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 1.6±2.1 | 0.5±1.0 | 3.6±2.5 | 1.3±1.5 | 0.33 | 0.07 | 0.62 |
| Cognitive estimation test | ||||||||||||||
| Errors | 21.8±4.6 | 24.0±3.5 | 22.8±1.0 | 23.2±5.0 | 0.96 | 0.48 | 0.62 | 24.0±2.2 | 23.8±3.8 | 22.6±3.0 | 21.8±2.1 | 0.95 | 0.61 | 0.69 |
| Bizarreness | 9.4±3.1 | 8.6±2.9 | 9.8±1.9 | 7.6±3.8 | 0.88 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 9.4±2.7 | 10.6±2.9 | 7.6±2.5 | 7.5±3.7 | 0.60 | 0.64 | 0.31 |
↵* p<0.05.