Drug-unrelated and drug-related psychoses
| Drug-unrelated Group | Drug-related Group | Subgroups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Add-on | Discontinuation | Overdose | |||||
| Number of patients | 27 | 17 | 7 | 6 | 4 | ||
| Age*4: (y: mean (SD) | 40.6 (14.4) | 41.5 (13.1) | 35.7 (7.6) | 52.7 (14.9) | 34.8 (6.2) | ||
| Sex: male, female | 11, 16 | 9, 8 | 3, 4 | 2, 4 | 4, 0 | ||
| Onset of epilepsy (y: mean (SD)) | 12.6 (9.5) | 14.2 (9.7) | 10.3 (9.7) | 19.2 (10.5) | 13.5 (6.8) | ||
| Onset of psychoses, (y: mean (SD)) | 27.9 (8.8) | 33.2 (10.4) | 29.3 (7.5) | 40.2 (12.2) | 29.5 (7.9) | ||
| Latency, years: mean (S.D.) | 15.2 (8.6) | 19.0 (11.8) | 19.0 (9.3) | 21.0 (16.2) | 16.0 (10.6) | ||
| Relation with epileptic seizures*1,*4 | |||||||
| No relation to seizure | 23 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Postictal | 3 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 1 | ||
| Parictal | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Alternative | 0 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Type of psychosis*1,*4 | |||||||
| Polymorphic psychosis | 2 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 1 | ||
| Delusional psychosis | 8 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Schizophrenia-like psychosis | 17 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Anticonvulsant drug content | |||||||
| PHT | 18 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 2 | ||
| CBZ | 15 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | ||
| PB | 12 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 2 | ||
| VPA*2 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ZNS*2,*4 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Others | 11 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||
| Psychotropic drug use*3 | |||||||
| Antipsychotics | 21 | 14 | 7 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Benzodiazepines | 4 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | ||
| None | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Psychotropic drug maintenance*1 | |||||||
| Antipsychotics | 13 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Benzodiazepines | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| None | 10 | 13 | 4 | 6 | 3 | ||
| Clinical course*1 | |||||||
| Single episode | 7 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Recurrent | 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||
| Chronic | 16 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
*1 p<0.01 (χ2) between drug-unrelated and drug-related groups.
*2 p<0.05 (χ2) between drug-unrelated and drug-related groups.
*3 p<0.01 (χ2) among subgroups in drug-related group.
*4 p<0.05 (ANOVA, χ2) among subgroups in drug-related group.
PHT=phenytoin; CBZ=carbamazepine; PB=phenobarbital; VPA=valproic acid; ZNS=zonisamide.