Dead/alive (No of patients) | Crude model (RR (95% CI)) | Adjusted model (RR ( 95% CI)) | |
---|---|---|---|
Age(y): | |||
65-74 | 513 / 822 | — | — |
75-84 | 2121 / 2377 | 1.34 (1.22 - 1.47) | 1.34 (1.22 - 1.48) |
85+ | 1997 / 1434 | 1.84 (1.67 - 2.03) | 1.83 (1.65 - 2.03) |
Sex: | |||
Female | 2790 / 3612 | — | — |
Male | 1831 / 1020 | 1.82 (1.72 - 1.93) | 1.81 (1.70 - 1.94) |
Race / ethnicity: | |||
White | 4222 / 4031 | — | — |
African-American | 248 / 340 | 0.81 (0.71 - 0.92) | 0.82 (0.72 - 0.94) |
Other minorities | 99 / 160 | 0.68 (0.56 - 0.83) | 0.69 (0.57 - 0.85) |
Marital status: | |||
Widowed | 2403 / 2645 | — | — |
Married | 1765 / 1412 | 1.28 (1.21 - 1.36) | 1.04 (0.97 - 1.12) |
Other | 455 / 569 | 0.97 (0.83 - 1.12) | 0.86 (0.75 - 0.97) |
Cognitive function: | |||
Normal | 284 / 328 | — | — |
Moderate impairment | 2562 / 2858 | 1.04 (0.92 - 1.17) | 1.04 (0.91 - 1.17) |
Severe impairment | 1771 / 1430 | 1.32 (1.17 - 1.49) | 1.13 (0.99 - 1.29) |
Behaviour problems: | |||
No | 2482 / 2335 | — | — |
Yes | 2124 / 2294 | 0.91 (0.86 - 0.96) | 0.93 (0.88 - 1.00) |
Indicators of delirium: | |||
No | 3606 / 3812 | — | — |
Yes | 960 / 750 | 1.20 (1.11 - 1.28) | 1.17 (1.09 - 1.27) |
Use of restraints: | |||
No | 3595 / 3954 | — | — |
Yes | 103/ 674 | 1.39 (1.29 - 1.49) | 1.03 (0.95 - 1.11) |
Physical function: | |||
Normal | 386 / 719 | — | — |
Need supervision | 1943 / 2211 | 1.56 (1.40 - 1.74) | 1.25 (1.11 - 1.41) |
Require assistance | 2272 / 1678 | 2.18 (1.96 - 2.43) | 1.45 (1.27 - 1.66) |
Hearing problems: | |||
No | 4019 / 4252 | — | — |
Yes | 581 / 377 | 1.44 (1.32 - 1.58) | 1.10 (1.00 - 1.21) |
Vision problems: | |||
No | 3816 / 4099 | — | — |
Yes | 700 / 467 | 1.42 (1.32 - 1.58) | 1.13 (1.03 - 1.23) |
Urinary incontinence: | |||
No | 1510 / 2137 | — | — |
Yes | 3099 / 2482 | 1.59 (1.50 - 1.69) | 1.15 (1.06 - 1.24) |
Pressure ulcers: | |||
No | 4020 / 4284 | — | — |
Yes | 606 / 345 | 1.64 (1.50 - 1.78) | 1.24 (1.13 - 1.36) |
Cardiovascular disease: | |||
No | 3056 / 3437 | — | — |
Yes | 1575 / 1196 | 1.36 (1.28 - 1.44) | 1.22 (1.14 - 1.30) |
Stroke: | |||
No | 4140 / 4244 | — | — |
Yes | 491 / 389 | 1.20 (1.10 - 1.32) | 1.05 (0.96 - 1.16) |
Aphasia: | |||
No | 4547 / 4583 | — | — |
Yes | 84 / 50 | 1.35 (1.09 - 1.68) | 1.12 (0.89 - 1.40) |
Parkinson’s disease: | |||
No | 4351 / 4403 | — | — |
Yes | 280 / 230 | 1.16 (1.03 - 1.31) | 0.98 (0.86 - 1.10) |
Depression: | |||
No | 2838 / 2909 | — | — |
Yes | 1793 / 1724 | 1.04 (0.98 - 1.10) | 1.11 (1.04 - 1.18) |
COPD: | |||
No | 4168 / 4335 | — | — |
Yes | 463 / 298 | 1.41 (1.28 - 1.55) | 1.26 (1.14 - 1.39) |
Diabetes mellitus: | |||
No | 3962 / 4130 | — | — |
Yes | 669 / 503 | 1.27 (1.17 - 1.38) | 1.32 (1.21 - 1.43) |
Malnutrition (BMI < 21): | |||
No | 2420 / 2875 | — | — |
Yes | 2126 / 1689 | 1.35 (1.27 - 1.43) | 1.31 (1.23 - 1.39) |
Falls: | |||
No | 2883 / 3067 | — | — |
Yes | 1714 / 1537 | 1.16 (1.09 - 1.23) | 1.01 (0.96 - 1.07) |
COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.