Table 3

Extracted data on the value of the radiological diagnosis of skull fracture in the assessment of ICH in MHI. These figures were used to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis skull fracture for the diagnosis of ICH. The sROCs of these data are shown in figure 1

First author (reference)	Publication year	ED/AD	n	Design	Severity	Modality	No of skull radiographs	NCTs	LOC/P TA (%)	CT (%)	TPR	FPR
Royal College28	1981	ED	5850	P	13–15	X	5850		<50	<50	0.7500	0.0133
Dacey27	1986	AD	610	P	13–15	X	583	68	100	11	0.7222	0.0817
Kraus26	1988	AD	2402	R	13–15	X	2402		<50	<50	0.3876	0.0854
Gorman29	1987	ED	12395	P	0–15	X	5484		15	<50	0.7273	0.0362
Masters30	1987		7035	P	0–15	X	4068		<50	<50	0.5556	0.0174
Livingston⁵	1991	ED	138	R	14–15	X	71	75	75	54	0.4286	0.0313
Shackford19	1992	ED	2766	R	13–15	X	423	2166	100	78	0.6082	0.2708
Stein20	1992	ED	1538	R	13–15	CT		1538	100	100	0.6034	0.0649
Borczuk22	1995	ED	1448	R	13–15	CT		1448	80	100	0.1319	0.0052
Dunham21	1996	ED	2032	R	13–15	CT		2032	100	100	0.2734	0.0436
Gomez31	1996	ED	2484	R	13–15	CT	1784	187	28	7.5	0.5581	0.0106
Ingebrigtsen17	1996	AD	91	R	13–15	CT		88	100	97	0.2500	0.0750
Arienta32	1997	ED	9830	R	13–15	X	6724	969	10	9.8	0.5484	0.0083

ED=Emergency department AD=admitted patients; R=retrospective; P=prospective; X=plain skull radiography