Patient | Sex | Age of onset | Description of tics | Distribution of tics | Childhood tics | Family history | Associated psychiatric symptoms | Medication trials | Course | Duration of follow up (y) |
14 | M | 25 | Phonations and multiple motor tics | larynx, face, neck, limbs | Multiple motor tics | Tics | OCD | No benefit from DZP, ALPZ, PMZ | Waxing and waning, improved | 20 |
15 | M | 31 | Multiple motor tics | Face, neck | Unspecified | — | — | Improvement on CLNZ, FLUOX, VPA | Waxing and waning, improved | 11 |
16 | M | 32 | Multiple motor tics | Face, neck | Ear wiggling | OCD | — | No benefit from CLNZ | Waxing and waning, improved | 8 |
17 | M | 41 | Multiple motor tics | Face | Blinking and mannerisms | OCD | OCD and anxiety disorder | Untreated | Waxing and waning | 16 |
18 | F | 28 | Multiple motor tics | Face, neck | Blinking | Tics | OCD | Improvement on CLNZ | Relapsing-remitting | 20 |
19 | M | 61 | Throat clearing phonation and multiple motor tics | Face, larynx, neck | Unspecified | Tics | OCD | No benefit on TRHX, improvement on CLNZ | Stable | 13 |
20 | F | 62 | Jaw opening tic, abdominal tensing tic | Face, abdomen | Blinking | — | — | No benefit from TRHX, BAC | Stable | 10 |
21 | M | 63 | Multiple phonations, facial tics | Neck, face, abdomen | Facial grimacing | Tics | — | No benefit from CLNZ, CLON, HAL | Stable | 17 |
22 | F | 29 | Single tongue thrusting tic | Tongue | Blinking | — | — | Untreated | Stable | 12 |
ALPZ=alprazolam; BAC=baclofen; CLNZ=clonazepam; CLON=clonidine; DZP=diazepam; FLUOX=fluoxetine; HAL= haloperidol; OCD=obsessive compulsive disorder; PMZ=pimozide; TRHX=trihexiphenidyl; VPA=valproate.